Short Questions
1. What is art?
Answer : Art is a beautiful creation expressing human experiences, emotions, and imagination.
2. What are the two types of artistic creations?
Answer : Artistic creations are divided into Visual Arts and Performing Arts.
3. What is the Sanskrit term for Visual Arts?
Answer : The Sanskrit term for Visual Arts is Drik Kala.
4. What is Folk Art?
Answer : Folk Art is a spontaneous tradition created by a community as part of their lifestyle.
5. What is Classical Art?
Answer : Classical Art follows consistent rules and requires prolonged training to master.
6. What is an art style?
Answer : An art style is a method adopted by many artists over time, characteristic of a period or region.
7. When did Maratha paintings begin to develop?
Answer : Maratha paintings began to develop in the latter half of the 17th century C.E.
8. Where can Maratha style murals be seen?
Answer : Maratha style murals can be seen in old wadas at Wai, Menavali, and Satara.
9. What is a famous example of a mural at Ajanta caves?
Answer : The mural of Bodhisattva Padmapani is a famous example at Ajanta caves.
10. Where are the famous Bhimbetka rock paintings located?
Answer : Bhimbetka rock paintings are located in Madhya Pradesh, India.
11. What colors were used in rock paintings?
Answer : Black, red, and white colors were used in rock paintings.
12. Who made Warli paintings popular?
Answer : Jivya Somya Mashe made Warli paintings popular.
13. What is Chitrakathi?
Answer : Chitrakathi is a tradition of narrating stories using paintings and wooden puppets.
14. What are the six aspects of painting in ancient Indian texts?
Answer : The six aspects are Roopbheda, Pramana, Bhava, Lavanyayojana, Sadrushyata, and Varnikabhang.
15. When did temple architecture begin to develop in India?
Answer : Temple architecture began to develop around the 4th century C.E. during the Gupta period.
16. What is the national emblem of India?
Answer : The lion capital of the Asokan pillar at Sarnath is India’s national emblem.
17. What is the Nagara style of temple architecture?
Answer : Nagara style is a North Indian temple architecture style with a distinct tower (Shikhara).
18. What is the Hemadpanti style known for?
Answer : Hemadpanti style is known for star-shaped temple walls and mortarless stone masonry.
19. What is the Taj Mahal famous for?
Answer : The Taj Mahal is famous for its beauty as a paramount example of Islamic architecture.
20. What is the Indo-Gothic architectural style?
Answer : Indo-Gothic is a British-period style used for buildings like churches and railway stations.
Long Questions
1. What is the difference between Folk Art and Classical Art?
Answer : Folk Art is spontaneous, created by communities as part of their lifestyle, and doesn’t follow strict rules. Classical Art, however, follows established rules and requires long training to master. Both reflect cultural traditions but differ in their approach and execution.
2. How do rock paintings help us understand ancient people?
Answer : Rock paintings show human, animal, and geometric figures, revealing ancient people’s knowledge of their surroundings. They depict changes in culture, like the shift to agriculture, and show how natural resources were used. Sites like Bhimbetka are key examples.
3. What are the features of Maratha style paintings?
Answer : Maratha style paintings, developed in the 17th century, include murals and miniatures in manuscripts. They show Rajput and European influences and depict lifestyles, attires, and customs. Examples are found in wadas at Wai and Satara.
4. Why is the tradition of Chitrakathi important?
Answer : Chitrakathi is a historic storytelling tradition using painted pictures and puppets, mentioned in a 12th-century text. It preserves cultural stories from epics like Ramayana. Efforts are being made to save it as it’s on the verge of extinction.
5. What are the main aspects of painting in ancient Indian texts?
Answer : Ancient Indian texts list six aspects of painting: Roopbheda (shapes), Pramana (proportions), Bhava (expressions), Lavanyayojana (aesthetics), Sadrushyata (realism), and Varnikabhang (color use). These guide artists to create balanced and expressive art.
6. How did temple architecture evolve in India?
Answer : Temple architecture began in the 4th century C.E. with simple sanctums during the Gupta period. By the 8th century, it peaked with styles like Nagara and Dravida, seen in temples like Kailasa at Verul. These styles feature unique towers and designs.
7. What is the significance of the Hemadpanti style?
Answer : Hemadpanti temples, built in the 12th-13th centuries, have star-shaped walls and use no mortar, relying on tenon and mortise joints. This creates a unique light-shadow effect. Examples include Ambreshwar and Gondeshwar temples in Maharashtra.
8. How does Islamic architecture in India stand out?
Answer : Islamic architecture blends Persian, Arabic, and Indian styles, creating iconic structures like the Taj Mahal and Qutub Minar. These buildings are known for their grand designs and intricate details. Many, like the Taj Mahal, are UNESCO World Heritage Sites.
9. What are some traditions of performing folk arts in Maharashtra?
Answer : Maharashtra has rich folk arts like Koli Dance, Tarapa Dance, Dashavatar, Powada, and Keertan, tied to festivals and social life. These performances reflect regional culture and community spirit. They are passed down through generations.
10. What professional opportunities are available in the field of arts?
Answer : Art offers careers in journalism, art market valuation, heritage management, and cultural tourism. Fields like museum management, archaeology, and applied arts (e.g., design, advertising) also provide opportunities. Institutes like the National Institute of Design train students for these roles.
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