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Kumarbharati English Class 10 Maharashtra Board | Menu
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Notes Class 10 Chapter 2.6 Kumarbharati English Maharashtra Board

Science and Spirituality


Part I: Introduction to Science and Spirituality

1. Conflict Between Groups: Some people believe only in science, while others believe only in religion. This creates disagreements.

2. Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam’s Belief: Dr. Kalam, a famous scientist, believed science and faith can work together to make the world better.

  • Science: Helps solve problems, find truth, and create inventions. It gives focus.
  • Faith: Gives perspective, helping us understand how our actions affect society. It controls progress to stay within limits.
  • Together, they improve humanity.

3. Dr. Kalam’s Life:

  • His father was a boatman and an imam at a mosque.
  • He had two close friends: one Hindu (Pakshi Lakshmana Shastrigal, a priest) and one Christian (Reverend Father Bodal, a church builder).
  • These three men, from different religions, worked together to solve community problems, showing the importance of unity.

4. Dr. Kalam’s Humility: He learned simplicity and spirituality from his father. Even as India’s President, he shared the same values of leading a spiritual life to overcome confusion, misery, or failure.

5. Need for Dialogue: Dr. Kalam believed people from different cultures, religions, and civilizations should talk openly to create peace.


Part II: Dr. Kalam at ISRO

1. Joining ISRO (1960s): Dr. Kalam joined the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) when it was new.

2.Influential People:

  • Professor Vikram Sarabhai: A great scientist who shaped Dr. Kalam’s thoughts.
  • Reverend Peter Bernard Pereira: A bishop who taught him the meaning of religious service.

3. Thumba Space Research Centre:

  • Why Chosen: Thumba, Kerala, was selected because it was near the magnetic equator, ideal for space research.
  • Problem: The site was used by fishermen and had a church (St. Mary Magdalene), a bishop’s house, and a school.
  • Challenge: Relocating people and removing religious buildings seemed impossible.

4. Solution by Father Pereira:

  • Dr. Sarabhai and Dr. Kalam met Father Pereira, the bishop, to ask for help.
  • Father Pereira initially questioned giving up homes and God’s place for science.
  • He invited them to his church on Sunday.
  • During the service, he explained how science (like lights, microphones, and medical tools) and spirituality (praying for well-being) both serve people.
  • He asked the people if they could give up their homes for a great scientific mission.
  • The crowd agreed with a loud “amen,” supporting the plan.

5. Outcome: The research centre was built after providing new homes for fishermen and the church.


Part III: Later Lessons and Inspiration

1. Professor Satish Dhawan’s Wisdom (1970s-1980s):

  • Dr. Kalam worked under Professor Dhawan at ISRO.
  • Dhawan taught that academic success is like a mirror-it shines only when clean. Impurities (like dishonesty) cloud the soul.
  • To shine, one must live purely, ethically, and serve humanity.
  • In 2009, Dr. Kalam advised the narrator (Srijan) to use his education to improve society, echoing Dhawan’s beliefs.

2. Meeting Mahaswamiji (2009):

  • Dr. Kalam attended the 102nd birthday of His Holiness Dr. Sri Sri Shivakumara Mahaswamiji in Tumkur, Karnataka.
  • Mahaswamiji’s Work: He ran a free school for over 9,000 children, serving humanity.
  • Remarkable Trait: At 102, he stood without support, looking strong and alert, surprising everyone.
  • Discussion: The narrator wondered why Mahaswamiji was so fit-due to diet, lifestyle, or genetics?
  • Dr. Kalam’s Answer: Mahaswamiji’s strength came from his spirit of “What Can I Give.” By giving education and food, he stayed strong.

3. Philosophy of Giving:

Dr. Kalam reflected on many people who influenced him:

  • His father’s simplicity.
  • Pramukh Swamiji’s goodness of action.
  • Mahapragyaji’s idea of conscience as a guide.
  • Professor Brahma Prakash’s focus on ethical living.
  • Father Pereira and Dr. Sarabhai’s selflessness.
  • Swami Sivananda’s calmness.

He concluded that giving (not taking) leads to a happy life and peaceful society.

4.”What Can I Take” vs. “What Can I Give”:

  • Taking: Leads to corruption, environmental harm, and unfairness. It destroys families and society.
  • Giving: Keeps the planet livable and humanity thriving.
  • Example: Mahaswamiji gave generously, which fueled his strength.

5. What Can I Give Movement (2012):

  • Dr. Kalam started this movement to fight corruption, protect the environment, and solve social problems by encouraging people to give.

Key Themes:

  • Science and spirituality together create balance.
  • Giving, not taking, leads to personal strength and a better world.
  • Unity among religions and cultures is essential for progress.
  • Living purely and serving others brings clarity and happiness.

Important People in Dr. Kalam’s Life:

  • His father: Taught simplicity and spirituality.
  • Pakshi Lakshmana Shastrigal and Father Bodal: Showed unity across religions.
  • Professor Vikram Sarabhai: Guided his scientific journey.
  • Father Pereira: Demonstrated service through sacrifice.
  • Professor Satish Dhawan: Emphasized purity and service.
  • Mahaswamiji: Inspired through selfless giving.

Key Years:

  • 1960: Dr. Kalam joined ISRO.
  • 1970: His first unsuccessful rocket launch under Professor Dhawan.
  • 1980: His first successful rocket launch.
  • 2009: Met Mahaswamiji and advised the narrator after his graduation.
  • 2012: Started the “What Can I Give” movement.

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