Environmental management
Short Questions
1. What is an ecosystem?
Answer : An ecosystem is formed by biotic and abiotic factors and their interactions.
2. Name one abiotic component of an ecosystem.
Answer : Air is an abiotic component.
3. What are producers in an ecosystem?
Answer : Producers are plants that make food using sunlight.
4. Give an example of a herbivore.
Answer : A deer is a herbivore.
5. What is a food chain?
Answer : A food chain shows how energy passes from one organism to another.
6. What is a food web?
Answer : A food web is a network of interconnected food chains.
7. Name one predator in an ecosystem.
Answer : A lion is a predator.
8. What is the role of decomposers?
Answer : Decomposers break down dead plants and animals.
9. What is the environment?
Answer : The environment includes all factors affecting living organisms.
10. Name one natural factor affecting the environment.
Answer : Earthquakes affect the environment.
11. What is environmental pollution?
Answer : Pollution is harmful changes in air, water, or soil.
12. Give one example of artificial pollution.
Answer : X-rays are an example of artificial pollution.
13. What is biodiversity?
Answer : Biodiversity is the variety of living organisms in nature.
14. What is genetic diversity?
Answer : Genetic diversity is the variation among organisms of the same species.
15. Name one endangered species in India.
Answer : The lion-tailed monkey is an endangered species.
16. What is a sacred grove?
Answer : A sacred grove is a forest conserved in the name of god.
17. Name one law for environmental conservation in India.
Answer : The Forest Conservation Act, 1980, is a law.
18. What is the purpose of the Environmental Protection Act, 1986?
Answer : It controls pollution and punishes those harming the environment.
19. Who is Jadav Molai Payeng?
Answer : He is a forest worker who created the Molai Jungle in Assam.
20. What is the Chipko Movement?
Answer : It is a movement to protect trees by hugging them.
21. Name one international environmental organization.
Answer : The World Wildlife Fund (WWF) is an international organization.
22. What is World Biodiversity Day?
Answer : It is celebrated on May 22 to promote biodiversity awareness.
23. What is the Red List by IUCN?
Answer : It lists endangered species from different countries.
24. Name one biodiversity hotspot in India.
Answer : The Western Ghats is a biodiversity hotspot.
25. What is the role of humans in environmental conservation?
Answer : Humans must protect nature and maintain its balance.
Long Questions
1. What is an ecosystem, and what are its main components?
Answer : An ecosystem is a system where living and non-living things interact. It includes biotic components like plants, animals, and decomposers, and abiotic components like air, water, and sunlight. These components work together to maintain balance in nature.
2. How do food chains and food webs differ?
Answer : A food chain is a single path of energy flow from one organism to another. A food web is a complex network of many food chains linked together. Food webs show how different organisms in an ecosystem depend on each other for food.
3. Why are decomposers important in an ecosystem?
Answer : Decomposers like fungi and bacteria break down dead plants and animals. They clean the environment by recycling nutrients back into the soil. This helps plants grow and keeps the ecosystem healthy.
4. What is environmental pollution, and what causes it?
Answer : Environmental pollution is harmful changes in air, water, or soil due to natural or human activities. Causes include population growth, industrialization, deforestation, and overuse of natural resources. These activities disturb the balance of nature.
5. How do natural cycles help maintain environmental balance?
Answer : Natural cycles like the water, carbon, and nitrogen cycles keep the environment balanced. They ensure that nutrients and resources are recycled and available for living organisms. These cycles support life and prevent shortages of essential elements.
6. Why is environmental conservation important?
Answer : Environmental conservation protects nature and ensures resources for future generations. It prevents pollution, saves endangered species, and maintains ecosystem balance. Everyone must work together to conserve the environment for a healthy planet.
7. What is biodiversity, and why is it important?
Answer : Biodiversity is the variety of plants, animals, and microbes in nature. It is important because it supports ecosystems, provides food, medicines, and resources, and maintains environmental balance. Protecting biodiversity ensures the survival of all living things.
8. How do sacred groves help in environmental conservation?
Answer : Sacred groves are forests protected by communities in the name of god. They preserve trees, plants, and animals, maintaining biodiversity. These groves act as natural sanctuaries and promote environmental awareness.
9. What can we learn from Jadav Molai Payeng’s story?
Answer : Jadav Molai Payeng’s story teaches us the power of individual effort in conservation. He planted trees for 30 years, turning barren land into a forest. It shows that determination and hard work can restore nature.
10. How can we conserve biodiversity?
Answer : Biodiversity can be conserved by protecting rare species, creating national parks, and declaring bioreserves. Following conservation laws and maintaining records of traditional knowledge also help. Raising awareness through education encourages people to save plants and animals.
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