MCQ Chapter 15 Biology Class 11 Maharashtra Board Excretion and Osmoregulation 1. What is the primary excretory organ in insects?NephridiaMalpighian tubulesGreen glandsKidneysQuestion 1 of 202. Where are kidneys located in the human body?In the chest cavityBehind the peritoneum from 12th thoracic to 3rd lumbar vertebraIn the pelvic cavityIn the cranial cavityQuestion 2 of 203. What is the average weight of a male kidney?135 g150 g100 g200 gQuestion 3 of 204. What prevents the backflow of urine in the urinary bladder?Valves at the ureter openingsOblique passage of ureters through the bladder wallInternal sphincter contractionPeritoneal coveringQuestion 4 of 205. What is the innermost layer of the kidney called?Renal fasciaAdipose capsuleRenal capsulePeritoneumQuestion 5 of 206. What is the functional unit of the kidney?NephronUreterGlomerulusUrethraQuestion 6 of 207. What is the name of the cup-like structure in the nephron?GlomerulusBowman’s capsuleLoop of HenleCollecting tubuleQuestion 7 of 208. What creates high hydrostatic pressure in the glomerulus?Equal diameter of afferent and efferent arteriolesLarger diameter of afferent arteriole than efferentSmaller diameter of afferent arteriole than efferentAbsence of capillariesQuestion 8 of 209. What is the primary function of the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT)?FiltrationSelective reabsorptionTubular secretionUrine concentrationQuestion 9 of 2010. Which part of the nephron is impermeable to water?Descending limb of Loop of HenleAscending limb of Loop of HenleProximal convoluted tubuleCollecting tubuleQuestion 10 of 2011. What is the role of the juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA)?Urine formationBlood pressure regulation within the kidneyWater reabsorptionGlucose secretionQuestion 11 of 2012. What is the effective filtration pressure (EFP) in the glomerulus if glomerular hydrostatic pressure is 55 mm Hg?10 mm Hg20 mm Hg30 mm Hg40 mm HgQuestion 12 of 2013. What is the rate of glomerular filtration?600 ml/min125 ml/min180 ml/min300 ml/minQuestion 13 of 2014. Which substances are actively reabsorbed in the PCT?Water and sulphatesGlucose and amino acidsUrea and creatinineSodium and chloride onlyQuestion 14 of 2015. Where does tubular secretion primarily occur?Proximal convoluted tubuleLoop of HenleDistal convoluted tubuleBowman’s capsuleQuestion 15 of 2016. What hormone makes the collecting duct permeable to water?ReninADHAldosteroneANPQuestion 16 of 2017. What is the osmolarity of concentrated urine compared to blood?Same as blood (300 mOsm/L)Twice that of bloodFour times that of bloodHalf that of bloodQuestion 17 of 2018. What is the role of vasa recta in the countercurrent mechanism?Secretes ureaMaintains osmotic gradientFilters bloodReabsorbs glucoseQuestion 18 of 2019. What detects changes in blood osmolarity?Juxtaglomerular cellsOsmoreceptors in the hypothalamusMacula densaPodocytesQuestion 19 of 2020. What condition results from the absence of ADH?UremiaDiabetes insipidusNephritisRenal failureQuestion 20 of 20 Loading...
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