Morphology of Flowering Plants
Can you recall? Page No. 97
You have learnt the diversity and structure of Angiospermic plant in 6th standared.
Answer: The diversity and structure of angiospermic plants, as introduced in 6th standard, highlight their dominance in the plant kingdom due to their adaptability to various environmental conditions. Angiosperms, or flowering plants, exhibit significant variation in vegetative structures (roots, stems, leaves) and reproductive structures (flowers, fruits, seeds), enabling them to perform essential functions like absorption, support, photosynthesis, and reproduction. These plants are classified based on habitat (e.g., hydrophytes like Hydrilla, xerophytes like Opuntia), showcasing their morphological adaptations to diverse environments.
Use your brain power Page No. 102
Why underground stem is different from roots?
Answer: Underground stems differ from roots because they possess nodes, internodes, scale leaves, and axillary buds, which are absent in roots. For example, rhizomes (e.g., ginger) and tubers (e.g., potato) have distinct nodes and can produce aerial shoots, unlike roots, which primarily function in anchorage and absorption. These structural features enable underground stems to store food, aid in perennation, and facilitate vegetative propagation, distinguishing them from roots.
Use your brain power Page No. 104
Why the stem has to performs photosynthesis in xerophytes?
Answer: In xerophytes, stems perform photosynthesis because leaves are often reduced to spines or scales to minimize water loss through transpiration in arid environments. Modified stems, such as phylloclades (e.g., Opuntia) or cladodes (e.g., Asparagus), become flattened, green, and photosynthetic to compensate for the reduced leaf surface. This adaptation ensures that xerophytes can produce energy while conserving water in their harsh, dry habitats.
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