Development Administration
Short Questions
1. What is development administration?
Answer: It is public administration focused on achieving growth and development goals.
2. What is a welfare state?
Answer: A state that promotes the economic and social well-being of its citizens.
3. What is meant by ‘red tape’?
Answer: Unnecessary delays in administrative work due to rules and procedures.
4. When was the Community Development Programme launched in India?
Answer: In 1952.
5. What is the main goal of NITI Aayog?
Answer: To promote decentralized planning and development.
6. What does the 73rd Amendment Act of 1992 provide?
Answer: Constitutional status to panchayati raj institutions.
7. What is the focus of the Green Revolution?
Answer: To increase agricultural production.
8. What is the purpose of the Mid-day Meal Scheme?
Answer: To improve nutrition, enrolment, and attendance in primary schools.
9. What is the main objective of Swachh Bharat Abhiyan?
Answer: To achieve a clean and hygienic India.
10. What does MGNREGA guarantee?
Answer: The right to work for rural citizens.
Long Questions
1. Explain the concept of development administration and its significance.
Answer: Development administration involves government actions to achieve socio-economic progress. It emphasizes planned change, innovation, and citizen participation to address issues like poverty and inequality, ensuring holistic national growth.
2. How did the welfare state concept influence public administration?
Answer: The welfare state concept shifted public administration towards promoting citizens’ well-being. It encouraged governments to focus on economic and social development, moving beyond routine functions to planned growth.
3. What challenges did newly independent countries face post-World War II?
Answer: Newly independent countries faced economic struggles, social inequalities, and poverty. They needed to build nations through development-focused governance, adopting new approaches to meet diverse societal needs.
4. Describe the role of citizen participation in development administration.
Answer: Citizen participation ensures development aligns with grassroots needs. It fosters inclusive planning, implementation, and evaluation, making programs effective and sustainable, as seen in India’s rural initiatives.
5. What are the key features of development administration?
Answer: Development administration is change-oriented, output-focused, encourages citizen participation, and requires bureaucratic commitment. These features drive progress in economic, social, and political spheres.
6. How did India’s industrialization contribute to development post-independence?
Answer: Industrialization created jobs, modernized the economy, and increased national income. Projects like Bhakra-Nangal Dam and Bhilai Steel Plant were pivotal in achieving economic self-reliance.
7. Discuss the importance of land reforms in India’s development strategy.
Answer: Land reforms redistributed land to reduce inequality and empower farmers. They aimed to boost agricultural productivity, supporting rural development and poverty reduction.
8. What was the role of the Planning Commission in India’s development?
Answer: The Planning Commission set short- and long-term development goals through Five Year Plans. It focused on agriculture, industrialization, and poverty alleviation to improve living standards.
9. How does NITI Aayog differ from the Planning Commission?
Answer: NITI Aayog promotes decentralized planning, integrating grassroots-level inputs, unlike the centralized Planning Commission. It harmonizes state and national plans for inclusive growth.
10. Evaluate the impact of the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA).
Answer: MGNREGA guarantees rural employment, reducing poverty and improving livelihoods. It empowers communities by ensuring work opportunities, contributing to rural infrastructure and economic stability.
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