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Yuvakbharati Class 11 Maharashtra Board | Menu
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Notes Class 11 Chapter 1.2 Yuvakbharati English Maharashtra Board

On to the Summit:We Reach the Top

Introduction

  • Author: Tenzing Norgay, a Nepali-Indian Sherpa mountaineer (1914-1986).
  • Achievement: One of the first to summit Mount Everest with Edmund Hillary on 29 May 1953.
  • Chapter Focus: Tenzing’s account of the final climb, challenges, teamwork, and emotions during the historic Everest expedition.

Key Points

1. Final Climb from Camp Nine

  • Started from Camp Nine on 29 May 1953, determined to reach the summit.
  • Tenzing was ready to risk his life: “I was to get to the top even if I die.”
  • Tenzing and Hillary alternated leading; the follower (anchor) ensured safety.

2.Flags on the Summit

  • At Camp Four, Colonel Hunt gave Tenzing flags of Britain, UN, and Nepal to plant on the summit.
  • Tenzing added the Indian flag with Hunt’s permission, symbolizing unity.

3.Reaching the Summit

  • Faced steep rocks but reached the summit together, tied by a rope (symbol of teamwork).
  • Final 60-70 feet were less steep; they climbed steadily and reached the top almost together.

4.Controversy Over Who Was First

  • A debate arose in Kathmandu about who reached first.
  • Tenzing, Hillary, and Hunt dismissed it as childish and signed a pact (22 June 1953) stating they reached “almost together.”

5.Celebration at the Summit

  • Gratitude: Thanked God for fulfilling his dream after six failed attempts.
  • Offerings: Placed biscuits, candy, and a blue pencil (from daughter Nima) as Buddhist offerings.
  • Flags: Planted four flags (Britain, Nepal, UN, India) using his ice axe.

6.Personal Moments

  • Wore a red scarf from friend Lambert, symbolizing emotional connection.
  • Felt exhilarated, clear-minded, and fit at the summit.
  • View: Mountains looked like “Gods and Goddesses,” plains like “broken pieces of a map.”

7.Descent

  • More dangerous than the climb; required “husiar” (caution).
  • Tenzing ensured Hillary’s safety by holding the rope tightly.
  • At Camp Eight, teammates offered tea (smelling of kerosene), which Tenzing drank gratefully.

Themes

  • Teamwork: The rope symbolized trust and unity.
  • Determination: Tenzing’s resolve to reach the summit.
  • Humility: Downplayed the “who was first” controversy.
  • Faith: Expressed through offerings and gratitude to God.

Significant Elements

1. Red Scarf: Connection to friend Lambert.

2.Husiar: Caution during descent.

3.Kerosene-Flavored Tea: Team’s effort and Tenzing’s gratitude.

4.Ice Axe: Used to plant flags.

5. Anchor: Follower ensuring safety, symbolizing teamwork.


Tenzing’s Qualities

  • Determined: “I was to get to the top even if I die.”
  • Team-Oriented: “We were not two individuals, but a team.”
  • Humble: Dismissed controversy over who was first.
  • Grateful: Thanked God and valued his daughter’s pencil.
  • Respectful: Sought permission for Indian flag.

Vocabulary

  • Alternated: Took turns.
  • Anchor: Follower ensuring safety.
  • Summit: Highest point of a mountain.
  • Controversy: Public disagreement.
  • Pact: Formal agreement.
  • Exhilarated: Very happy.
  • Husiar: Caution.

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