Notes Class 6 Chapter 2.4 Balbharati English Maharashtra Board

Notes For All Chapters – Balbharati English Class 6

Anak Krakatoa

1. What is a Volcano?

• A volcano is an opening or crack in the Earth’s surface.
• Hot molten rock (lava) inside the Earth comes out through this crack.
• When this happens, we say the volcano erupts.

2. Types of Volcanoes

• Active Volcanoes – Erupt regularly (Example: Krakatoa).
• Dormant Volcanoes – Have erupted in the past but are quiet now.
• Extinct Volcanoes – Have not erupted for a long time and will not erupt again.

3. Krakatoa – A Dangerous Volcano

• Krakatoa is an active volcano located between Java and Sumatra in Indonesia.
• The worst eruption happened in August 1883.
• The sound of the eruption was heard 3,500 km away in Australia.
• The eruption caused giant waves (tsunamis) and destroyed 165 villages and towns.
• Two-thirds of the island sank into the sea, forming a huge crater (hole) underwater.

4. Formation of Anak Krakatoa

• In 1927, smoke and lava started coming out from the crater underwater.
• A new island was formed from the volcanic material.
• This new island was called Anak Krakatoa (Child of Krakatoa).
• Anak Krakatoa is still an active volcano and keeps growing bigger.

5. Life Returns to Krakatoa

• After the 1883 eruption, everything was covered with hot ash.
• No life remained, except one spider found in 1884.
• Slowly, seeds, plants, and animals returned.
• The wind and sea brought seeds, and birds carried more seeds.
• Small animals like ants, lizards, and rats reached the island on floating plants.

6. Effect on Java’s Coast

• The western coast of Java was greatly affected.
• Few humans survived, but plants and wild animals increased.
• Since no humans were there to cut trees, the wildlife became rich.

7. Important Vocabulary

• Eruption – When a volcano explodes and lava comes out.
• Lava – Hot molten rock that comes out of a volcano.
• Tsunami – A giant sea wave caused by an earthquake or volcanic eruption.
• Crater – A hole formed by a volcanic explosion.
• Dormant – Sleeping or not active.
• Extinct – Completely gone, not active anymore.