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History Class 6 Maharashtra Board | Menu
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History Notes Chapter 10 Class 6 Maharashtra Board

Notes For All Chapters – History Class 6

 Ancient India : Cultural


1. Language and Literature

  • Ancient India had many languages like Sanskrit, Pali, Ardhamagadhi, and Tamil.
  • Sangham Literature (Tamil) tells us about South India’s olden times.
    • Famous epics: Silappadhikaram & Manimekhalai.
  • Religious Books:
    • Jain Texts: Agamgranthas (Teachings of Mahavir).
    • Buddhist Texts: Tipitaka (3 parts—Sutta Pitaka, Vinay Pitaka, Abhidhamma Pitaka).
    • Hindu Texts: Bhagavad Gita (Part of Mahabharata, teaches duty and devotion to God).
  • Famous Scholars & Books:
    • Kautilya’s Arthashastra – Talks about good government.
    • Panini’s Ashtadhyayi – A book on Sanskrit grammar.
    • Kalidasa’s Raghuvansha & Kumarsambhava – Classical Sanskrit literature.
    • Panchatantra – Moral stories by Vishnusharma.

2. Life of the People

  • Trade was important, with goods like textiles, ivory, spices, and pottery sold in other countries.
  • Society had different castes and trader groups called Shrenis.
  • Food: Rice, wheat, barley, pulses, milk, fruits, meat, fish.
  • Clothes: Cotton was common, but silk and wool were also worn.

3. Science

Medicine (Ayurveda): Ancient medical system.

  • Charaka Samhita (by Charaka) – Talks about diseases and treatments.
  • Sushruta Samhita (by Sushruta) – Describes surgeries and medical techniques.

Mathematics & Astronomy:

  • Indians invented numbers 1-9 and zero.
  • Aryabhata (book: Aryabhatiya) – Said the Earth moves around the Sun.
  • Brahmagupta – His maths books were translated into Arabic.
  • Kanad – Talked about atoms (Anu & Parmanu).

4. Education Centres

  • Takshashila University (in today’s Pakistan) – Famous for many subjects.
  • Nalanda University (Bihar) – Had a huge library and thousands of students.
  • Varanasi – Taught Hindu, Jain, and Buddhist texts.
  • Vikramshila University (Bihar) – Built by King Dharmapal.
  • Kanchi (Tamil Nadu) – A major learning center.

5. Art and Architecture

  • Maurya & Gupta Period: Great progress in architecture.
  • Ashoka’s Pillars: Made of stone, beautifully carved.
  • Stupas: Dome-shaped Buddhist monuments (e.g., Sanchi Stupa).
  • Cave Sculptures: Found at Ajanta, Ellora, Nashik, and Udayagiri.
  • Temple Architecture:
    • Chalukyas & Pallavas built amazing temples.
    • Mahabalipuram Temples – Show South Indian temple style.
  • Iron Pillar (Mehrauli, Delhi) – Shows India’s advanced metallurgy.

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