Notes For All Chapters – General Science Class 6
Force and Types of Force
What is Force?
- Force is a push or pull on an object.
- It can make things move, stop, change direction, or change shape.
Effects of Force
- Force can move an object. (Example: Kicking a football)
- Force can stop a moving object. (Example: Applying brakes on a bicycle)
- Force can change the speed of an object. (Example: Pushing a swing harder)
- Force can change the shape of an object. (Example: Squeezing a rubber ball)
- Force can change the direction of an object. (Example: Hitting a moving cricket ball)
Types of Forces
1. Muscular Force
Force applied by our muscles.
Example: Lifting a book, pulling a cart.
2. Mechanical Force
Force applied by a machine.
Example: A washing machine spinning clothes.
3. Gravitational Force
The force by which the Earth pulls objects towards itself.
Example: A ball falls down when thrown in the air.
4. Frictional Force
The force that slows down moving objects.
Example: A bicycle stops when brakes are applied.
5. Electrostatic Force
The force between charged objects.
Example: A rubbed balloon attracting pieces of paper.
6. Magnetic Force
The force exerted by magnets.
Example: A magnet attracting iron nails.
Friction – A Helpful and Harmful Force
Helpful: It helps us walk, write, and stop vehicles.
Harmful: It causes wear and tear in machines and slows down moving objects.
Ways to Reduce Friction
- Lubricating machines with oil.
- Using wheels or rollers.
- Sprinkling powder on surfaces (like carrom board).
Why Are Some Surfaces Rough?
Rough surfaces increase friction to prevent slipping.
Example: The railway station ramp has a rough surface to stop people from slipping.
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