Notes For All Chapters – General Science Class 6
Disaster Management
1. What is a disaster?
A disaster is a sudden event that causes harm to people, property, and nature.
Examples of disasters:
- Earthquakes
- Floods
- Fires
- Landslides
- Storms
- Bomb explosions
2. Types of Disasters
Disasters are of two types:
1. Natural Disasters (caused by nature)
- Earthquakes
- Floods
- Tsunamis
- Storms
- Landslides
- Forest fires
2. Man-made Disasters (caused by humans)
- Bomb explosions
- Building collapse
- Chemical gas leaks
- Fires due to accidents
- Road accidents
3. Effects of Disasters
Disasters cause big damage to:
People – Loss of life and injuries
Houses – Buildings collapse
Roads – Bridges and roads get destroyed
Nature – Trees and animals die
4. Important Disasters in India
Killari Earthquake (1993) – Many people died in Latur, Maharashtra.
Mumbai Floods (2005) – Heavy rain caused waterlogging and deaths.
Malin Landslide (2014) – A village in Pune was destroyed.
Tamil Nadu Floods (2015) – Many houses were damaged due to heavy rain.
5. How Do Some Disasters Happen?
- (a) Earthquake – The movement inside the earth causes shaking and cracks on the ground.
- (b) Floods – Heavy rains make rivers overflow, flooding roads and houses.
- (c) Storms – Strong winds cause damage to houses, trees, and power lines.
- (d) Forest Fires – Hot weather or human activities cause fires in forests.
- (e) Landslides – Heavy rain makes hills weak, and soil falls down, damaging homes.
6. First Aid – Helping in an Emergency
In a disaster, helping others is important.
Dog bite – Wash the wound and go to a doctor for a rabies injection.
Bleeding – Clean the wound and press it to stop bleeding.
Burns – Put cold water on the burn and do not use oil.
Snakebite – Wash the wound, tie a cloth above it, and go to the hospital.
Sunstroke – Give water, take the person to a cool place, and use a wet cloth on their head.
7. How to Stay Safe? (Disaster Management)
- 1. Be prepared – Know what to do before disasters happen.
- 2. Listen to news – Follow weather reports and warnings.
- 3. Move to safe places – Go to higher ground during floods or open spaces during earthquakes.
- 4. Keep emergency contacts –
- Police – 100
- Fire Brigade – 101
- Ambulance – 102
- Disaster Helpline – 108
8. What is Disaster Management?
Disaster management means planning before disasters and helping after disasters.
Important parts of disaster management:
Before the disaster – Learn safety tips and make a plan.
During the disaster – Follow safety rules and help others.
After the disaster – Give first aid and rebuild damaged places.
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