General Science Notes Chapter 9 Class 6 Maharashtra Board

Notes For All Chapters – General Science Class 6

Motion and Types of Motion

1. What is Motion?

• When an object changes its position with time, it is called motion.
• If an object does not move, it is called at rest.
• Example: A moving car, a flying bird, or a running boy.

2. Types of Motion

Motion is divided into different types based on how objects move.

A. Linear Motion (Straight-line Motion)

• When an object moves in a straight line.
• Examples: A moving train, a falling stone, a car on a straight road.

Types of Linear Motion

1. Uniform Linear Motion

• When an object moves at the same speed and covers equal distance in equal time.
• Example: A train moving at constant speed.

2. Non-Uniform Linear Motion

• When an object changes its speed while moving in a straight line.
• Example: A bus stopping and starting again in traffic.

B. Non-Linear Motion (Not in a Straight Line)

1. Oscillatory Motion (Back-and-Forth Motion)

• When an object moves back and forth repeatedly.

Examples:

• A swing moving back and forth.
• A pendulum of a clock.
• The vibrating strings of a guitar.

2. Circular Motion (Moving in a Circle)

When an object moves around a fixed point in a circular path.
Examples:

• Hands of a clock moving in a circular path.
• A merry-go-round in a park.
• A fan’s blades rotating.

3. Periodic Motion (Repeats at Fixed Time Intervals)

When an object repeats its motion after a fixed time.
Examples:

• Earth revolving around the Sun (completes one round in one year).
• A clock’s pendulum moving back and forth.

4. Random Motion (Moving in No Fixed Path)

When an object moves in different directions without a fixed path.
Examples:

• A butterfly flying from one flower to another.
• A football player running in different directions.

3. Speed

Speed tells us how fast or slow an object moves.
Formula:

• Speed = Distance traveled/Time taken

Example:

A bus covers 200 km in 5 hours.
Speed = 200 km ÷ 5 hours = 40 km/h.