Imp Questions For All Chapters – Civics Class 7
Features of the Constitution
Short Questions
1. What is a federal government?
Answer: A federal government is a system where power is divided between a central authority and regional governments.
2. How many lists are there in the division of powers?
Answer: There are three lists: Union List, State List, and Concurrent List.
3. Who can make laws on subjects in the Union List?
Answer: Only the Central Government (Parliament) can make laws on Union List subjects.
4. What is the role of the State Government in a federal system?
Answer: The State Government handles regional matters like police, public health, and agriculture.
5. What happens if a law in the Concurrent List conflicts between the Centre and State?
Answer: The Central law prevails over the State law in case of a conflict.
6. Who has the power to make laws on Residuary Subjects?
Answer: The Central Government has the power to make laws on residuary subjects.
7. Why is an independent judiciary important?
Answer: An independent judiciary ensures fair justice and protects the rights of citizens.
8. What is an Electronic Voting Machine (EVM)?
Answer: An EVM is an electronic device used for voting instead of paper ballots.
9. Name two advantages of using EVMs in elections.
Answer: EVMs prevent electoral fraud and speed up vote counting.
10. What is judicial overreach?
Answer: Judicial overreach happens when the judiciary interferes too much in government matters.
Long Questions
1. Explain the need for a government at two levels in a federal system.
Answer: A federal system requires two levels of government to effectively manage national and regional issues. This division ensures better administration, power sharing, and local autonomy.
2. What is the difference between the Union List and the State List?
Answer: The Union List contains subjects of national importance, and only the Central Government can make laws on them. The State List has subjects of regional importance, where only the State Government can legislate.
3. Why does the Constitution provide an independent judiciary?
Answer: The independent judiciary ensures fair justice and prevents the misuse of power by the government. It also protects the rights of citizens and upholds the rule of law.
4. What are the main functions of the judiciary in India?
Answer: The judiciary interprets the Constitution, resolves disputes, ensures justice, and checks if laws made by the government follow the Constitution.
5. Explain the concept of Concurrent List and give two examples.
Answer: The Concurrent List includes subjects on which both the Central and State Governments can make laws. Examples include Education and Criminal Law. If there is a conflict, the Central law prevails.
6. What are Residuary Powers? Who exercises them?
Answer: Residuary Powers refer to subjects not mentioned in the Union, State, or Concurrent Lists. These powers are exercised only by the Central Government, such as Cyber Laws and Space Research.
7. What are the advantages of using Electronic Voting Machines (EVMs)?
Answer: EVMs help conduct elections faster, prevent fraud, and save paper. They are cost-effective, eco-friendly, and ensure more transparency in voting.
8. How does an independent judiciary help in maintaining democracy?
Answer: An independent judiciary ensures free and fair trials, prevents government overreach, and protects fundamental rights. It maintains the balance of power between different branches of government.
9. List two merits and two demerits of an independent judiciary.
Answer: Merits: Ensures fair justice and protects fundamental rights.
Demerits: Delays in cases due to backlog and judicial overreach.
10. How does the separation of powers help in good governance?
Answer: The separation of powers prevents the concentration of authority in one branch. It ensures that the Legislature makes laws, the Executive enforces them, and the Judiciary interprets them, maintaining checks and balances.
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