Questions Answers For All Chapters – Civics Class 7
Features of the Constitution – Solutions
1. Prepare a table to show the separation of powers in a Federal Government.
| Union List (Subjects under Central Government) | State List (Subjects under State Government) | Concurrent List (Subjects under Both) |
|---|---|---|
| 1) Defence | 1) Police | 1) Education |
| 2) Foreign Affairs | 2) Public Health | 2) Criminal Law |
| 3) Railways | 3) Agriculture | 3) Marriage and Divorce |
2. Find one word for.
(1) Machinery for the governance of the entire country – Government
(2) Machinery for conducting elections – Election Commission
(3) The third list of subjects for making laws – Concurrent List
3. Answer the following questions.
(1) Why does the Government function at two levels in a federation?
Answer: In a federation, the government operates at two levels-central and state-because power is divided between them to ensure effective governance. This division helps manage regional diversity, allows local issues to be addressed efficiently, and prevents the concentration of power in a single authority.
(2) What do you understand by Residuary Powers?
Answer: Residuary Powers refer to the legislative powers that are not mentioned in the Union, State, or Concurrent lists in the Constitution. These powers are exclusively given to the central government to handle new and emerging subjects like cyber laws and space research.
(3) Why has the Constitution created an independent Judiciary for India?
Answer: The Constitution has created an independent judiciary to uphold the rule of law, protect citizens’ fundamental rights, and ensure that the executive and legislative branches function within constitutional limits. An independent judiciary prevents misuse of power and ensures fair justice for all.
4. Hold a group discussion on the merits and demerits of an independent judicial system.
Answer: Group Discussion on the Merits and Demerits of an Independent Judicial System:Merits:
- Ensures fair and impartial justice.
- Protects fundamental rights.
- Keeps checks on the powers of the government.
- Promotes the rule of law and democracy.
Demerits:
- Judicial delays due to a backlog of cases.
- Possibility of judicial overreach.
- Expensive legal procedures.
- Risk of corruption in certain cases.
5. Find out about the Electronic Voting Machine (EVM) and discuss the advantages of conducting elections with the EVM.
Answer: Electronic Voting Machine (EVM) and Its Advantages:
Electronic Voting Machines (EVMs) are used to conduct elections electronically, replacing traditional paper ballots.
Advantages of EVMs:
- Faster counting of votes.
- Reduces the chances of vote tampering and rigging.
- Environmentally friendly as it eliminates paper usage.
- Easy to use and accessible for all voters.
- Enhances transparency and reliability in elections.
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