Imp Questions For All Chapters – Geography Class 7
Natural Regions
Short Questions
1. What is the main factor influencing soil formation?
Answer: The parent rock, climate, biotic material, land slope, and time influence soil formation.
2. What is black soil also known as?
Answer: Black soil is also called regur soil.
3. Why is laterite soil red in color?
Answer: It contains iron, which reacts with oxygen, giving it a reddish-orange color.
4. What is humus?
Answer: Humus is the organic material formed from decomposed plant and animal remains.
5. Where is alluvial soil found in Maharashtra?
Answer: It is found in the river valleys and coastal regions of Maharashtra.
6. What is the primary use of soil for humans?
Answer: Soil is mainly used for agriculture.
7. How long does it take to form a 2.5 cm thick layer of topsoil?
Answer: It takes thousands of years.
8. What type of soil is common in Maharashtra’s Deccan Plateau?
Answer: Regur or black soil.
9. What causes soil erosion?
Answer: Wind, water, and deforestation cause soil erosion.
10. Name one method of soil conservation.
Answer: Planting trees to prevent soil erosion.
Long Questions
1. How does the climate affect soil formation?
Answer: Climate influences the weathering process of rocks, determining the type of soil formed. In dry regions like the Deccan Plateau, basalt rock forms black soil, while in humid regions like the Western Ghats, it forms laterite soil.
2. What is the role of biotic material in soil formation?
Answer: Biotic material, such as decomposed plants and animals, enriches the soil by forming humus. This humus increases fertility, making the soil more suitable for plant growth and agriculture.
3. Why do river valleys have fertile soil?
Answer: River valleys have fertile alluvial soil due to the deposition of minerals and sediments carried by rivers. This soil is rich in nutrients and supports high agricultural productivity.
4. What are the effects of excessive chemical fertilizers on soil?
Answer: Excessive use of chemical fertilizers depletes natural nutrients, reduces soil fertility, and causes degradation. It also leads to soil salinity, making it unproductive for farming.
5. How does soil erosion impact agriculture?
Answer: Soil erosion removes the fertile top layer, reducing the land’s ability to support crops. It leads to lower agricultural yields and affects food production.
6. Why do some countries import food due to soil conditions?
Answer: Countries like Saudi Arabia and Qatar have poor or non-arable soils, making agriculture difficult. They rely on food imports from countries with fertile land, such as India and the USA.
7. What measures can be taken to prevent soil degradation?
Answer: Farmers can prevent soil degradation by using organic manure, crop rotation, and reducing chemical fertilizers. Government initiatives like watershed management also help conserve soil.
8. How do agro-based industries depend on soil fertility?
Answer: Fertile soil supports high agricultural production, which in turn helps agro-based industries like sugar mills and fruit processing factories to thrive in regions with good farming conditions.
9. Why do different regions grow different crops?
Answer: The type of soil determines which crops can grow. For example, black soil in Maharashtra supports jowar and bajra, while laterite soil in Kerala supports rice cultivation.
10. How do trees help in soil conservation?
Answer: Tree roots hold the soil, preventing erosion by wind and water. They also improve soil fertility by adding organic matter through leaf litter and root decay.
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