History Notes Chapter 6 Conflict with the Mughals Class 7 Maharashtra Board

Notes For All Chapters – History Class 7
1. Conflict with Shaista Khan (1660-1663)

• Shaista Khan was a Mughal general sent by Emperor Aurangzeb to attack Shivaji Maharaj.
• He captured Pune and Lal Mahal (Shivaji’s childhood home).
• Shivaji Maharaj planned a secret night attack on Lal Mahal in 1663.
• He and his soldiers entered the palace in disguise and attacked Shaista Khan.
• Shaista Khan lost three fingers and escaped to Agra.

🔹 Result: This attack weakened the Mughal army and increased Shivaji Maharaj’s fame.

2. The Surat Raid (1664)

• Surat was a rich Mughal city and a trading center.
• The Mughal Subhedar did not protect the city, so Shivaji Maharaj raided Surat.
• His army collected gold, silver, and wealth, which was later used to strengthen Swaraj.

🔹 Result: This attack shocked Aurangzeb and proved that Shivaji Maharaj was a powerful ruler.

3. Treaty of Purandar (1665)

• Aurangzeb sent Mirza Raja Jaisingh to fight Shivaji Maharaj.
• A fierce battle took place at Purandar Fort, where Murarbaji Deshpande fought bravely.
• To save Swaraj, Shivaji Maharaj signed the Treaty of Purandar in 1665.

🔹 Terms of the Treaty:

1. Shivaji Maharaj gave 23 forts to the Mughals.
2. He kept 12 forts under Swaraj.
3. He agreed to visit Aurangzeb’s court in Agra.

4. Shivaji Maharaj’s Escape from Agra (1666)

• In 1666, Shivaji Maharaj went to Aurangzeb’s court in Agra, but Aurangzeb insulted him.
• He was placed under house arrest in Agra.
• Shivaji Maharaj escaped by hiding in fruit baskets and returned to Swaraj.

🔹 Result: He restarted his campaign to regain Swaraj.

5. The Battle to Recapture Swaraj (1670-1674)

• After his escape, Shivaji Maharaj recaptured forts from the Mughals.
• He won back Sinhgad, Purandar, Lohagad, and Mahuli forts.
• He also raided Surat again.

🔹 Result: This made Swaraj stronger and weakened the Mughal empire.

6. The Coronation of Shivaji Maharaj (1674)

• Shivaji Maharaj was officially crowned as Chhatrapati at Raigad Fort on 6 June 1674.
• Gagabhatt, a famous priest, performed the coronation ceremony.
• He started the Rajyabhishek Era and issued new coins.

🔹 Result: He became the first independent Hindu king in India after many years of foreign rule.

7. Shivaji Maharaj’s Southern Campaign (1677-1680)

• Shivaji Maharaj wanted to expand Swaraj in South India.
• He captured forts in Karnataka and Tamil Nadu.
• He met his half-brother Vyankoji Raje and asked him to help Swaraj.

🔹 Result: His southern campaign made Swaraj even stronger.