Sample Paper Class 8 English First Language

Sample Paper Class 8 English Third Language

Summary For All Chapters – English Class 8

Summary in Marathi

Summary in English

Summary in Hindi

Summary in Marathi

उत्तर-पूर्व भारतातील सात राज्ये – आसाम, अरुणाचल प्रदेश, मणिपूर, मिझोराम, मेघालय, त्रिपुरा आणि नागालँड विविध संस्कृती आणि परंपरांसाठी प्रसिद्ध आहेत. येथील बहुतांश सण शेतीशी संबंधित आहेत आणि नृत्य-संगीताशिवाय कोणताही उत्सव पूर्ण होत नाही.

आसाममध्ये बिहू हा सर्वात मोठा सण आहे, जो तीन वेळा साजरा केला जातो – रोंगाली बिहू (वसंत ऋतू), कटी बिहू (धान्य वाढीची प्रार्थना), आणि माघ बिहू (पीक कापणीचा आनंद). अरुणाचल प्रदेशात लोसर साजरा केला जातो, जो नववर्ष स्वागतासाठी घरे स्वच्छ करण्याचा सण आहे.

मणिपूरमध्ये निंगोल चकौबा हा कौटुंबिक प्रेम वाढवणारा सण आहे, जिथे विवाहित मुली आपल्या आई-वडिलांना भेटतात. मिझोराममध्ये चपचार कुट हा वसंत ऋतूचा सण मोठ्या आनंदाने साजरा केला जातो. मेघालयातील गारो जमाती वंगला उत्सव मोठ्या ढोल वाजवून साजरा करतात. त्रिपुरातील उत्सव शिकारी, मासेमारी आणि शेतीशी संबंधित असतात. नागालँडमध्ये मोआस्तू सण बियाणे पेरणीनंतर आनंद व्यक्त करण्यासाठी साजरा केला जातो.

उत्तर-पूर्व भारतातील हे सण केवळ धार्मिक महत्त्वाचे नाहीत तर सामाजिक ऐक्य वाढवण्यास मदत करतात. ते पर्यटन वाढवतात, संस्कृती जपतात आणि लोकांना एकत्र आणतात.

Summary in English

The North-East region of India, consisting of Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, Mizoram, Meghalaya, Tripura, and Nagaland, is known for its rich cultural heritage and diverse traditions. Most festivals here are related to agriculture, nature, and religious beliefs, and no celebration is complete without traditional music and dance.

In Assam, Bihu is the most important festival, celebrated three times a year: Rongali Bihu (Spring), Kati Bihu (Prayers for crops), and Magh Bihu (Harvest festival). Losar in Arunachal Pradesh is the New Year festival where people clean their homes to welcome good luck.

In Manipur, Ningol Chakouba strengthens family bonds, as married daughters visit their parental homes for a feast. Chapchar Kut in Mizoram is a joyful spring festival with dance and music. Wangala in Meghalaya is a grand celebration with hundred drums played by the Garo tribe. Tripura festivals focus on hunting, fishing, and farming traditions. In Nagaland, Moatsu is celebrated after sowing seeds, bringing the community together.

These festivals are not just religious but also social and cultural events that promote unity, preserve heritage, and boost tourism in North-East India.

Summary in Hindi

उत्तर-पूर्व भारत के सात राज्य – असम, अरुणाचल प्रदेश, मणिपुर, मिजोरम, मेघालय, त्रिपुरा और नागालैंड अपनी संस्कृति, परंपराओं और त्योहारों के लिए प्रसिद्ध हैं। यहां के अधिकतर त्योहार खेती, प्रकृति और धार्मिक मान्यताओं से जुड़े होते हैं। कोई भी उत्सव नृत्य और संगीत के बिना अधूरा रहता है।

असम में बिहू सबसे प्रमुख त्योहार है, जो तीन बार मनाया जाता है – रोंगाली बिहू (वसंत), कटी बिहू (फसलों की प्रार्थना), और माघ बिहू (फसल कटाई का जश्न)। अरुणाचल प्रदेश में लोसर नववर्ष का पर्व है, जहां लोग अपने घरों की सफाई करके बुरी चीज़ों को हटाते हैं।

मणिपुर में निंगोल चकौबा पारिवारिक प्रेम को बढ़ाने वाला त्यौहार है, जिसमें विवाहित बेटियां अपने माता-पिता के घर आती हैं। मिजोरम में चपचार कुट वसंत का त्यौहार है जिसमें पारंपरिक नृत्य किया जाता है। मेघालय में गारो जनजाति द्वारा वंगला पर्व (सौ ढोलों का त्योहार) मनाया जाता है। त्रिपुरा के त्योहारों में शिकार, मछली पकड़ने और कृषि से जुड़े नृत्य होते हैं। नागालैंड में मोआस्तू पर्व बुआई के बाद मनाया जाता है।

उत्तर-पूर्व भारत के ये त्योहार धार्मिक महत्व के साथ-साथ सामाजिक और सांस्कृतिक एकता को भी बढ़ावा देते हैं। वे पर्यटन को बढ़ावा देते हैं, पारंपरिक संस्कृति को संरक्षित रखते हैं और समुदायों को एकजुट करते हैं।

Imp Questions For All Chapters – English Class 8

Short Questions

1. Which festival is the most important in Assam?

Answer: Bihu is the most important festival in Assam.

2. Why is Losar celebrated in Arunachal Pradesh?

Answer: Losar is celebrated as the New Year festival in some parts of Arunachal Pradesh.

3. What is the main purpose of Ningol Chakouba in Manipur?

Answer: It strengthens the bond between married daughters and their parents.

4. Which festival in Meghalaya is known as the Hundred-Drum Festival?

Answer: The Wangala festival is known as the Hundred-Drum Festival.

5. Why do people climb hills during Cheiraoba in Manipur?

Answer: People believe it will help them rise to greater heights in life.

6. What is the significance of Moatsu in Nagaland?

Answer: Moatsu is celebrated after the sowing season to mark new beginnings.

7. Which instruments are played during Bihu celebrations?

Answer: Dhol, pepa, cymbals, and bamboo clappers are played during Bihu.

8. Which festival marks the arrival of spring in Mizoram?

Answer: Chapchar Kut marks the arrival of spring in Mizoram.

9. What do dances in Tripura festivals represent?

Answer: They represent hunting, fishing, food-gathering, and agricultural activities.

10. How do festivals help the people of North-East India?

Answer: Festivals preserve culture, encourage unity, and promote tourism.

Long Questions

1. What are the three types of Bihu and their significance?

Answer: The three types of Bihu are Rongali Bihu (celebrated in April to welcome spring), Kati Bihu (in October to pray for a good harvest), and Magh Bihu (in January to mark the end of the harvesting season).

2. How is Wangala celebrated in Meghalaya?

Answer: The Wangala festival is celebrated with a hundred drums, where men beat drums and women perform a rhythmic dance in two parallel lines. It marks the end of the harvest season and is a way of thanking the gods.

3. Why do people clean their homes during Losar in Arunachal Pradesh?

Answer: People clean their homes during Losar to remove bad luck and welcome good fortune. They also discard old items, wear new clothes, and celebrate the festival with family and friends.

4. Describe the traditional dance of Bihu.

Answer: Bihu dance is performed by young men and women with brisk movements and hand gestures. It is accompanied by instruments like dhol and pepa, and songs passed down through generations.

5. What is the importance of Moatsu in Nagaland?

Answer: Moatsu is celebrated after the sowing season, bringing joy and unity among villagers. People dress in colorful clothes, wear headgear with feathers and tusks, and perform dances with traditional music.

6. What are the key features of Chapchar Kut in Mizoram?

Answer: Chapchar Kut is a spring festival celebrated after jungle clearing for jhum farming. People wear traditional clothes, perform folk dances, and play drums, cymbals, and gongs.

7. How does Ningol Chakouba strengthen family relationships?

Answer: During Ningol Chakouba, married daughters visit their parents’ home with their children. They are welcomed with a feast and gifts, reinforcing love and respect in the family.

8. Why is the festival culture strong in North-East India?

Answer: Festivals in North-East India are linked to nature, agriculture, and traditions. They bring communities together, preserve history, and provide entertainment through music and dance.

9. How does Cheiraoba reflect the cultural beliefs of Manipur?

Answer: During Cheiraoba, people clean and decorate their homes and prepare special dishes. They also climb nearby hills as a symbolic act of striving for success in life.

10. How do North-East Indian festivals promote tourism?

Answer: Tourists visit North-East India to witness unique festivals, folk dances, and traditional music. Events like Bihu competitions and Wangala drum performances attract visitors from across India.

Notes For All Chapters – English Class 8

Introduction

• North-East India consists of seven states (Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, Mizoram, Meghalaya, Tripura, Nagaland), also known as the Seven Sister States.
• These states have diverse cultures, traditions, and customs.
• Festivals in this region are closely linked to agriculture, nature, and religion.
• Most festivals include traditional music, dance, and vibrant costumes.

Major Festivals of North-East India

1. Bihu (Assam)

Importance: The most important festival of Assam, celebrated by people of all religions and castes.

Types of Bihu:

1. Rongali Bihu (Bohag Bihu) – Celebrates the beginning of the Assamese New Year and spring season.
2. Kati Bihu (Kangali Bihu) – Observed in October to pray for a good harvest.
3. Magh Bihu (Bhogali Bihu) – Celebrated in January, marking the end of the harvesting season.

Celebrations:

• Traditional Bihu dance performed by both men and women.
• Musical instruments used: Dhol (drum), Pepa (buffalo horn), cymbals, bamboo clapper.
• Competitions and cultural programs attract many visitors.

2. Losar (Arunachal Pradesh)

Importance: The New Year festival of certain regions in Arunachal Pradesh.

Celebrations:

• People clean their homes to remove bad luck and welcome good fortune.
• Old and unnecessary items are discarded.
• People wear new clothes, visit relatives, and perform traditional dances.

3. Ningol Chakouba (Manipur)

Importance: A festival that strengthens family bonds, especially between married daughters and their parents.

Celebrations:

• Married women and their children visit their parental home.
• They are given a grand feast and gifts.
• Strengthens love and respect between families.

4. Cheiraoba (Manipur New Year Festival)

Importance: Celebrated in April, marking the beginning of a new year.

Celebrations:

• People clean and decorate their houses.
• Special festive dishes are prepared.
• A ritual of climbing the nearest hilltop is performed, as it symbolizes rising to greater heights in life.

5. Chapchar Kut (Mizoram)

Importance: The Spring Festival, celebrated after the completion of jungle-clearing for Jhum cultivation.

Celebrations:

• Folk dances and songs are performed.
• People wear traditional dresses and headgear.
• Instruments like drums, gongs, and cymbals add to the festive mood.

6. Wangala (Meghalaya – The Hundred-Drum Festival)

Importance: A harvest festival celebrated by the Garo tribe after the completion of hard work.

Celebrations:

• The dance is performed in two lines – men on one side and women on the other.
• Men beat large drums, and the dancers move rhythmically.
• People wear colorful festive costumes.

7. Moastu (Nagaland)

Importance: Celebrated after the sowing season by the Naga tribes.

Celebrations:

• People dress in traditional clothes and wear headgear decorated with feathers and wild boar tusks.
• Villagers sing folk songs and perform dances to express joy.
• It strengthens community bonds and preserves oral history.

8. Tribal Festivals of Tripura

Importance: Many festivals in Tripura are linked to hunting, fishing, food-gathering, and agriculture.

Celebrations:

• Traditional tribal dances depict various activities like farming and hunting.
• These festivals attract visitors from all over India.
• They promote cultural and artistic talents.

Common Features of Festivals in North-East India

1. Music and Dance – Almost every festival includes traditional music and folk dances.
2. Agricultural Significance – Many festivals are linked to harvesting and sowing seasons.
3. Community Participation – People from all backgrounds take part in the celebrations.
4. Cultural Preservation – Festivals help in preserving tribal customs, traditions, and oral history.
5. Religious Importance – Some festivals are celebrated to thank gods for a good harvest or protection from calamities.

Why Festivals Are Important in North-East India?

• Promote unity among different tribes and communities.
• Encourage cultural exchange between states and visitors.
• Preserve traditional customs and history for future generations.
• Boost tourism and local economy.

Glossary (Important Words from the Lesson)

Conclusion

• The North-East region of India is rich in culture, traditions, and festivities.
• Festivals connect people with nature, traditions, and their community.
• The celebrations highlight the artistic and cultural talents of the people.
• They play a crucial role in maintaining harmony and preserving heritage.

Question Answers For All Chapters – English Class 8

Solutions

1. Insert the proper words / phrases in the gaps to make the narration
meaningful. Use them in their proper form.

(discard, revive, diverse, handed down, bring out, sumptuous)

While shopping, I suddenly met Lata Shankaran. Meeting my classmate after twenty years revived our friendship. We spoke on diverse topics-our past, present, and future. We realized that we could not discard old school memories. She showed me a beautiful ring handed down from her great-grandmother. We discussed how we should bring out the best in our children. Before we parted, we decided to meet again that night and have a sumptuous dinner at a five-star hotel along with our families.

2. Correct the wrongly spelt words from the lesson and make a word chain of
nouns, with them.

Corrected words:

1. mannor → manner
2. saeson → season
3. natere → nature
4. dram → drum
5. lacals → locals
6. festivel → festival
7. erd → herd
8. retual → ritual

Word chain (Festival – l – – – – -)

Festival → Local → Leaf → Farm → Music → Culture → Event

3. Read the lesson and fill up the table.

4. Choose the appropriate alternatives to complete the following

(1) Every festival of North-East India is incomplete without
(a) food and sweets
(b) dance and music
(c) lights and crackers

Answer: (b) dance and music

(2) People of are true lovers of nature and its beauty.
(a) Assam
(b) Mizoram
(c) Arunachal Pradesh

Answer: (c) Arunachal Pradesh

(3) The festival is celebrated three times a year to mark the stages of agriculture.
(a) Bihu
(b) Chapchar Kut
(c) Wangala

Answer: (a) Bihu

(4) In Tripura, the festivities represent
(a) preparing special dishes
(b) reaching greater heights
(c) hunting, fishing, food-gathering

Answer: (c) hunting, fishing, food-gathering.

(5) An additional advantage of the festive celebrations is
(a) listening to festive music
(b) bringing out the natural talent of the people
(c) getting a holiday from work

Answer: (b) bringing out the natural talent of the people.

5. A. Pick out the Adjective forms of the following words from the lesson.

1. diversity → diverse
2. festival → festive
3. joy → joyous
4. variety → varied
5. tradition → traditional
6. mountain → mountainous

B. Pick out the Noun forms of the following words from the lesson.

1. complete → completion
2. move → movement
3. live → life
4. rhythmic → rhythm
5. prosper → prosperity
6. green → greenness

C. The 3 words below can be used in sentences as Nouns as well as Verbs.
Make sentences of your own, that show the different usage.

1. end (Noun): The end of the festival was grand.end (Verb): The festival will end tomorrow.
2. dance (Noun): The dance performance was amazing.dance (Verb): We love to dance during celebrations.
3. harvest (Noun): This year’s harvest was excellent.harvest (Verb): Farmers harvest crops in October.

Language Study

Change the form of the sentences below as per instructions, without changing meaning or Tense.

1. The people offer thanks to the Gods.→ The people are offering thanks to the Gods. (Present Continuous Tense)
2. Hardly a month passes without a festival or two.→ No month passes without a festival or two. (Using ‘No’ in the sentence)
3. The Spring Festival is an important occasion, isn’t it? (Adding a Question Tag)
4. The Bihu dance is performed by both young men and women.→ The Bihu dance is performed by young men as well as women.
5. The Bihu dance is a very joyous one.→ What a joyous dance the Bihu is! (Exclamatory Sentence)
6. Read about how different festivals are celebrated.→ How are different festivals celebrated? (Wh-question form)

Summary For All Chapters – English Class 8

Summary in Marathi

Summary in English

Summary in Hindi

Summary in Marathi

टायटॅनिक हे जगातील सर्वात मोठे आणि भव्य जहाज होते. 10 एप्रिल 1912 रोजी, हे इंग्लंडमधील साउथॅम्प्टन येथून न्यूयॉर्कला जाण्यासाठी आपली पहिली सफर सुरू करत होते. प्रवासी जहाजाच्या भव्यतेमुळे खूप उत्साही होते आणि ते कधीही बुडणार नाही असे समजले जात होते. मात्र, 14 एप्रिल 1912 रोजी रात्री 11:40 वाजता, जहाज एका मोठ्या हिमनगाला (iceberg) धडकले. कॅप्टन स्मिथने जहाज वाचवण्याचा प्रयत्न केला, पण ते हळू वळल्यामुळे जहाजाच्या बाजूला मोठे छिद्र पडले आणि पाणी आत शिरू लागले.

केवळ थोड्याच जणांसाठी लाइफबोट्स उपलब्ध होत्या, त्यामुळे अनेक प्रवाशांना जहाजावरच राहावे लागले. जहाज वेगाने पाण्यात बुडत होते आणि 2:20 वाजता टायटॅनिक पूर्णपणे समुद्रात गडप झाले. यात 1500 हून अधिक लोकांचा मृत्यू झाला. काही तासांनंतर कार्पेथिया जहाजाने 700 जणांना वाचवले. या दुर्घटनेनंतर सुरक्षिततेसाठी नवीन नियम लागू करण्यात आले, जसे की प्रत्येक जहाजावर पुरेश्या लाइफबोट्स असणे आणि रेडिओ 24 तास सुरू ठेवणे आवश्यक आहे.

Summary in English

The Titanic was one of the largest and most luxurious ships in the world. On April 10, 1912, it began its first voyage from Southampton, England, to New York. The ship was called unsinkable, and passengers were proud to travel on it. However, on April 14, 1912, at 11:40 p.m., the Titanic hit a huge iceberg. Captain Smith tried to steer the ship away, but it changed direction too slowly, causing holes in its side, and water started flooding in.

There were not enough lifeboats, so many passengers were left stranded. The Titanic sank completely at 2:20 a.m., and over 1500 people lost their lives. The Carpathia arrived hours later and saved only 700 survivors. After this disaster, new safety rules were introduced, ensuring that ships must carry enough lifeboats and keep their radios active 24/7 to prevent such tragedies in the future.

Summary in Hindi

टाइटैनिक दुनिया का सबसे बड़ा और शानदार जहाज था। 10 अप्रैल 1912 को यह इंग्लैंड के साउथैम्पटन से न्यूयॉर्क की पहली यात्रा पर निकला। यह जहाज अडूबने वाला (unsinkable) माना जाता था, और यात्री इस पर सफर करने पर गर्व महसूस कर रहे थे। लेकिन 14 अप्रैल 1912 की रात 11:40 बजे, जहाज एक विशाल हिमखंड (iceberg) से टकरा गया। कप्तान स्मिथ ने जहाज को बचाने की कोशिश की, लेकिन जहाज बहुत धीरे मुड़ा, जिससे इसकी दीवार में बड़े छेद हो गए और पानी अंदर भरने लगा।

जहाज में पर्याप्त लाइफबोट्स नहीं थीं, जिससे कई यात्रियों को जहाज पर ही रहना पड़ा। रात 2:20 बजे टाइटैनिक पूरी तरह से समुद्र में डूब गया, और 1500 से अधिक लोग मारे गए। कुछ घंटों बाद, कार्पेथिया जहाज आया और केवल 700 लोगों को बचा सका। इस दुर्घटना के बाद, नई सुरक्षा व्यवस्थाएँ लागू की गईं, जैसे हर जहाज में पर्याप्त लाइफबोट्स होनी चाहिए और रेडियो 24 घंटे चालू रहना चाहिए, ताकि भविष्य में ऐसी दुर्घटनाएँ रोकी जा सकें।

Imp Questions For All Chapters – English Class 8

Short Questions

1. When did the Titanic start its maiden voyage?

Answer: The Titanic started its maiden voyage on April 10, 1912.

2. What does the word ‘Titanic’ mean?

Answer: The word ‘Titanic’ means huge.

3. How many passengers were on board the Titanic?

Answer: The Titanic carried more than 2000 passengers.

4. What was the name of the captain of the Titanic?

Answer: The captain of the Titanic was Captain Smith.

5. Why did the Titanic sink?

Answer: The Titanic sank after hitting an iceberg, which caused water to flood the ship.

6. At what time did the Titanic hit the iceberg?

Answer: The Titanic hit the iceberg at 11:40 p.m. on April 14, 1912.

7. How many people died in the Titanic disaster?

Answer: About 1500 people lost their lives in the disaster.

8. Which ship came to rescue the Titanic’s passengers?

Answer: The Carpathia came to rescue the survivors.

9. Why couldn’t the California help the Titanic?

10. Answer: The California did not receive the distress signals as its radio was turned off.

Who directed the famous Titanic movie in 1998?

Answer: The Titanic movie was directed by James Cameron.

Long Questions

1. Describe the facilities available on the Titanic.

Answer: The Titanic was a luxurious ship with grand staircases, dining halls, shops, and swimming pools. It was as tall as a fifteen-storey building and was considered the best ship in the world. People believed that the Titanic was unsinkable due to its advanced construction.

2. Why did people believe the Titanic was unsinkable?

Answer: The Titanic was built using the latest technology and had watertight compartments that were designed to prevent sinking. The shipbuilders were so confident that they provided very few lifeboats, assuming they wouldn’t be needed. It was also one of the largest and strongest ships of its time, making people believe it was truly unsinkable.

3. How did the Titanic hit the iceberg?

Answer: On April 14, 1912, at 11:40 p.m., a lookout spotted a huge iceberg in the Titanic’s path. Captain Smith tried to steer the ship away, but the Titanic changed direction too slowly. The iceberg scraped the side of the ship, creating holes that allowed water to flood in, causing the disaster.

4. Why were the passengers in great danger after the Titanic hit the iceberg?

Answer: The Titanic had more than 2000 passengers, but there were not enough lifeboats to save everyone. Many passengers were asleep and unaware of the emergency, which delayed evacuation. As the ship sank, many people jumped into freezing water and died due to hypothermia or drowning.

5. How did the Carpathia help the Titanic survivors?

Answer: The Carpathia received the Titanic’s distress call and immediately sailed at full speed to rescue survivors. However, by the time it arrived at 3:40 a.m., the Titanic had already sunk, and many people had drowned. The Carpathia rescued 700 survivors who were in lifeboats and provided them with medical aid.

6. What safety measures were introduced after the Titanic disaster?

Answer: After the Titanic tragedy, new safety rules were introduced to prevent similar disasters. It was made compulsory for all ships to carry enough lifeboats for every passenger. Additionally, ships were required to keep their radios on 24 hours a day to receive distress calls.

7. Why did the California fail to help the Titanic?

Answer: The California was only 20 miles away but did not respond to the Titanic’s distress signals. The radio operator had turned off the radio and gone to sleep, so the emergency messages were not received. This failure to respond resulted in many unnecessary deaths that could have been prevented.

8. What happened to the Titanic after it hit the iceberg?

Answer: After hitting the iceberg, the Titanic began filling with water and tilted dangerously. Within a few hours, the ship broke into two pieces and sank completely at 2:20 a.m.. Over 1500 people lost their lives, while only 700 survivors were rescued by the Carpathia.

9. Where was the wreck of the Titanic found?

Answer: In 1985, scientists sent a submarine to search for the wreck of the Titanic. The ship was found at a depth of 4000 meters (13,000 feet) on the ocean floor in two broken pieces. Photographs were taken, and some small parts of the wreck were brought to the surface for research.

10. How has the Titanic been remembered in history?

Answer: The Titanic has been remembered as one of the greatest maritime disasters in history. Many books, documentaries, and movies have been made about it, including the famous 1998 film directed by James Cameron. The disaster led to major improvements in ship safety regulations worldwide.

Notes For All Chapters – English Class 8

1. Introduction

• The chapter is about the Titanic, one of the largest and most luxurious ships of its time.
• It was believed to be unsinkable due to its advanced design.
• The Titanic set sail from Southampton, England, to New York on April 10, 1912.
• It carried over 2000 passengers, including both rich and poor travelers.

2. Description of the Titanic

• The Titanic was as tall as a fifteen-storey building.
• It had grand staircases, dining rooms, shops, and swimming pools, making it a floating town.
• People considered it the finest ship in the world.
• The shipbuilders were so confident in its safety that they provided only a few lifeboats.

3. The Iceberg Collision (April 14, 1912)

• On the night of April 14, the sky was clear, and the sea was calm.
• Captain Smith was aware of icebergs nearby and instructed a crew member to keep watch.
• At 11:40 p.m., the lookout spotted a huge iceberg directly in the Titanic’s path.
• The Captain tried to steer the ship away, but it changed direction too slowly.
• The side of the ship scraped the iceberg, creating holes in the hull.
• Water began to flood into the lower decks, but most passengers remained unaware.

4. The Sinking of the Titanic

• The ship’s crew could not stop the water from entering.
• At 12:15 a.m., Captain Smith sent urgent distress messages for help.
• A nearby ship, California, was only 20 miles away, but its radio was turned off.
• The Carpathia, another ship, received the distress call and rushed to help, but it was too far away.
• The lifeboats were lowered into the sea, but they could only carry a few hundred passengers.
• The Titanic began to tilt and sink rapidly.
• At 2:20 a.m. on April 15, 1912, the Titanic vanished into the sea, taking about 1500 people with it.

5. Rescue and Aftermath

• The Carpathia arrived at 3:40 a.m. and rescued 700 survivors from lifeboats.
• Most people in the freezing water died from hypothermia.
• The tragedy led to new safety regulations for ships:
  1. All ships must have enough lifeboats for everyone on board.
  2. Radios must remain active 24 hours a day for emergency communication.

6. Discovery of the Titanic Wreck (1985)

• In 1985, scientists used a submarine to explore the Titanic wreck.
• The ship was found at a depth of 4000 meters (13,000 feet) on the ocean floor.
• Some small parts of the ship were brought to the surface.

7. The Titanic in Popular Culture

• Many books and documentaries were made about the Titanic.
• In 1998, director James Cameron made the famous movie “Titanic“, which became a worldwide success.

Question Answers For All Chapters – English Class 8

Solutions

1. (A) Find any 6 words from the text that have suffixes. Underline the suffix in each of them.

1. Unsinkable (-able)
2. Luxury (-y)
3. Darkness (-ness)
4. Bravery (-y)
5. Floating (-ing)
6. Sadly (-ly)

(B) Two words may combine to form a new word with a changed meaning.
Such words are called Compound words in English.
For example : every + thing = everything
Some of them have a hyphen. For example : life-skills
Find 4 or 5 compound words from the text.

1. Life-boats
2. Ice-cold
3. Ship’s-crew
4. Radio-operator
5. Deep-sea

2. (A) Read the text and answer.

(a) What does the word ‘Titanic’ mean?

Answer: The word ‘Titanic’ means huge.

(b) How many passengers did Titanic carry?

Answer: The Titanic carried more than two thousand passengers.

(c) Why were the passengers on Titanic proud?

Answer: The passengers were proud because they were traveling in the best and most luxurious ship in the world.

(d) Why did people call Titanic an unsinkable ship?

Answer: People called Titanic unsinkable because it was built with the latest technology, and its builders believed it could not sink.

(e) What did Carpathia’s crew find?

Answer: Carpathia’s crew found seven hundred survivors in life-boats, as well as chairs and pieces of wood floating on the water.

(f) Who was the director of the film based on Titanic’s maiden voyage?

Answer: The director of the film was James Cameron.

(g) Where did the scientists find Titanic?

Answer: Scientists found Titanic at a depth of 4000 meters (13,000 feet) on the ocean floor.

(B) Discuss in groups of four and find out:

(a) Reasons for the sinking of Titanic:

• The ship hit an iceberg, which scraped its side and caused water to flood in.
• There were not enough lifeboats for all the passengers.
• The nearby ship ‘California’ did not receive the distress signal because its radio was off.

(b) Effects of the sinking of Titanic:

• More than 1500 people drowned or died from the cold.
• New safety rules were introduced for ships, such as ensuring enough lifeboats for all passengers.
• Ships were required to keep their radios on 24/7.

3. Read and find words related to sea and arrange them alphabetically.

Find words related to the sea from the text and arrange them alphabetically:

1. Atlantic
2. Captain
3. Iceberg
4. Lifeboat
5. Ocean
6. Ship
7. Titanic
8. Voyage
9. Wreck

4. (A) She was as tall as a building with fifteen storeys.
Here She (the Titanic) is compared with a building of fifteen storeys. You know that when a comparison is made between two objects of different kinds it is called Simile. A Simile is introduced by the word ‘as………as or like’. Frame five of your own sentences using the construction ……….. as……..as………
Write them down in your notebook.

(A) Frame five sentences using the construction ‘as…as…’

1. The Titanic was as grand as a royal palace.
2. The iceberg was as large as a mountain.
3. The sea was as calm as a sleeping baby.
4. The ship’s interior was as luxurious as a five-star hotel.
5. The survivors were as cold as ice.

(B) The Carpathia was too late to save them. Write three sentences of your own using the following construction …….. too ……. to

1. The Titanic was too large to avoid the iceberg in time.
2. The Carpathia was too far to reach the Titanic before it sank.
3. The water was too cold to survive for long.

5. Summary Writing

Write a short summary of the Titanic’s incident in 12-15 lines.

On April 10, 1912, the Titanic set sail on its first voyage from Southampton to New York with over 2000 passengers. It was considered unsinkable due to its advanced design. On April 14, at 11:40 p.m., it struck a huge iceberg. The iceberg scraped the side of the ship, causing water to flood in.

Captain Smith sent emergency messages, but the nearby ship, California, did not receive them. The Carpathia, which was far away, took three hours to arrive. Meanwhile, the Titanic sank at 2:20 a.m., and 1500 people drowned due to the lack of lifeboats. Only 700 people survived. This disaster led to new safety regulations, ensuring all ships must have enough lifeboats and radios must remain on at all times.

Language Study

2. Say whether the following are Simple, Complex or Compound Sentences.

1. They felt safe. → Simple
2. Captain Smith knew that there were icebergs nearby. → Complex
3. He fought hard to steer, but the ship changed direction slowly. → Compound
4. Most passengers heard nothing and they slept on. → Compound
5. The crew lowered the lifeboats. → Simple
6. They asked them why ships carry such few lifeboats. → Complex

3. Find from the text two examples each of Simple, Complex and
Compound Sentences.

1. Simple Sentences:
   • The ship was beautiful.
   • People jumped into the cold water.
2. Complex Sentences:
   • Captain Smith knew that there were icebergs nearby.
   • They asked why ships carry such few lifeboats.
3. Compound Sentences:
   • He fought hard to steer, but the ship changed direction slowly.
   • Most passengers heard nothing, and they slept on.

Summary For All Chapters – English Class 8

Summary in Marathi

Summary in English

Summary in Hindi

Summary in Marathi

“Golden Chain” ही कविता खरी मैत्री किती मौल्यवान आहे हे सांगते. कवी मैत्रीची तुलना सोन्याच्या साखळीशी करतो, जी घट्टपणे जोडली गेली आहे आणि कालांतराने अधिक मजबूत होते. खरी मैत्री विश्वास, प्रेम आणि आठवणींवर आधारित असते आणि ती पैशाने विकत घेता येत नाही. मैत्री कधीही नष्ट होत नाही, ती आपल्याला आनंद आणि आधार देते. चांगल्या मित्राच्या संगतीत आयुष्य अधिक सुंदर आणि आनंददायी होते.

Summary in English

The poem “Golden Chain” highlights the importance and value of true friendship. The poet compares friendship to a golden chain, which holds friends together strongly and becomes more precious over time. True friendship is built on trust, love, and happy memories, and it cannot be bought with money. The poet emphasizes that friendship is eternal and brings joy, support, and emotional strength. Having a true friend makes life more meaningful and enjoyable.

Summary in Hindi

कविता “Golden Chain” सच्ची दोस्ती के मूल्य और महत्व को दर्शाती है। कवि मित्रता की तुलना सोने की चेन से करता है, जो मजबूत और अनमोल होती है। सच्ची दोस्ती भरोसे, प्यार और यादों पर आधारित होती है, जिसे पैसे से नहीं खरीदा जा सकता। कवि बताता है कि समय बीतने के बाद भी दोस्ती खत्म नहीं होती, बल्कि यह हमें सुख, सहारा और ताकत देती है। एक अच्छा दोस्त हमारे जीवन को खुशहाल और सुंदर बना देता है।