Short Questions
1. Which European powers came to India for trade?
ANSWER: Portuguese, Dutch, French, and British.
2.When did the first Anglo-Maratha war end?
ANSWER: In 1782, with the Treaty of Salbai.
3. Who signed the Subsidiary Alliance with the British in 1802?
ANSWER: Peshwa Bajirao II.
4. Who introduced the Dual Government in Bengal?
ANSWER: Robert Clive.
5. What was the duty of the British police force in India?
ANSWER: To maintain law and order.
6. Which act made Lord Warren Hastings the Governor General?
ANSWER: The Regulating Act of 1773.
7. What did the Pitt’s India Act of 1784 establish?
ANSWER: A permanent Board of Control for the East India Company.
8. Who introduced Civil Services in India?
ANSWER: Lord Cornwallis.
9. What was the main duty of the British military in India?
ANSWER: To safeguard regions and suppress revolts.
10. When did the first railway in India start?
ANSWER: In 1853, between Mumbai and Thane.
11. Which act prohibited the practice of Sati?
ANSWER: The Sati Prohibition Act of 1829.
12. What is “Commercialisation of Agriculture”?
ANSWER: Growing cash crops instead of food grains.
13. Who started the first textile mill in India?
ANSWER: Kawasjee Nanabhoy Davar in 1854.
14.Which city did Jamshedji Tata establish the steel industry?
ANSWER: Jamshedpur.
15. What was the main source of income for the British government in India?
ANSWER: Land revenue.
Long Questions
1. What was the Subsidiary Alliance?
ANSWER: It was a treaty where Indian rulers had to accept British military help and a British resident in their state.
2. How did the British affect Indian farmers?
ANSWER: British land revenue policies forced farmers to pay taxes in cash, leading to bankruptcy and loss of land.
3. What was the impact of British economic policies on Indian industries?
ANSWER: Traditional Indian industries declined due to heavy taxation on Indian goods and cheap British machine-made products.
4. What social reforms did the British introduce?
ANSWER: They passed the Sati Prohibition Act (1829) and the Widow Remarriage Act (1856) for social change.
5. Why did the British develop the transport system in India?
ANSWER: To improve trade and make administration easier across different regions.
6. What were the effects of the Dual Government system?
ANSWER: It led to corruption and exploitation as the British collected revenue while local rulers maintained law and order.
7. How did the British education system influence India?
ANSWER: It introduced Western thoughts, science, and technology and helped create a new educated middle class.
8. What were the main duties of a District Collector?
ANSWER: To collect revenue, maintain law and order, and give justice within the district.
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