General Science Important Questions Chapter 10 Cell and Cell Organelles Class 8 Maharashtra Board

Imp Questions For All Chapters – General Science Class 8

Short Questions

1. What is a cell?

• A cell is the basic structural and functional unit of life.

2. What is a unicellular organism?

• An organism made up of only one cell (e.g., Amoeba, Paramecium).

3. What is a multicellular organism?

• An organism made up of many cells (e.g., Humans, Plants).

4. Which cell organelle is called the powerhouse of the cell?

• Mitochondria, because it produces energy (ATP).

5. Which organelle stores genetic material?

• Nucleus stores DNA and controls cell activities.

6. Which organelle is responsible for photosynthesis?

• Chloroplast, as it contains chlorophyll to absorb sunlight.

7. What is the function of ribosomes?

• Ribosomes help in protein synthesis.

8. What is the function of lysosomes?

• Lysosomes digest waste materials and harmful substances in the cell.

9. What is the role of the plasma membrane?

• It controls the entry and exit of substances in the cell.

10. What is cytoplasm?

• A jelly-like fluid that fills the cell and contains organelles.

11. What is the function of the Golgi complex?

• It modifies, packages, and transports proteins in the cell.

12. Which organelle is called the “suicide bag” of the cell?

• Lysosome, because it digests damaged cell parts.

13. Which organelle helps in transporting materials inside the cell?

• Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) helps in transporting proteins and lipids.

14. What is the function of vacuoles in plant cells?

• Vacuoles store water, nutrients, and waste and help maintain pressure.

15. What are plastids?

• Plastids are organelles found in plant cells that store food and pigments.

16. Which plastid contains chlorophyll?

• Chloroplast contains chlorophyll, which is used in photosynthesis.

17. What are chromosomes made of?

• Chromosomes are made of DNA and proteins and store genetic information.

18. What is the function of the nucleolus?

• The nucleolus produces ribosomes, which help in protein synthesis.

19. Which pigment gives color to fruits and flowers?

• Anthocyanin gives red, purple, and blue colors to fruits and flowers.

20. Which pigment makes tomatoes red?

• Lycopene makes tomatoes red.

Long Questions

1. What are the differences between unicellular and multicellular organisms?

• Unicellular organisms have only one cell that performs all functions (e.g., Amoeba), while multicellular organisms have many specialized cells that work together (e.g., Humans and Plants).

2. What is the function of mitochondria in the cell?

• Mitochondria are the powerhouse of the cell, producing energy (ATP) through cellular respiration. This energy is used for all cell activities like growth, repair, and movement.

3. Why are lysosomes called “suicide bags” of the cell?

• Lysosomes contain digestive enzymes that break down waste and damaged cell parts. If the lysosome bursts, these enzymes can digest the entire cell, leading to its death.

4. What is the function of the Golgi complex?

• The Golgi complex modifies, stores, and transports proteins and lipids inside the cell. It helps in packaging materials and sending them to different parts of the cell or outside it.

5. What is the role of vacuoles in plant cells?

• Vacuoles store water, nutrients, and waste materials, helping the plant cell maintain turgor pressure. This pressure keeps the plant firm and prevents it from wilting.

6. How does the plasma membrane help the cell?

• The plasma membrane controls what enters and exits the cell, protecting it from harmful substances. It also helps in cell communication and maintaining cell shape.

7. What is the function of the nucleus in a cell?

• The nucleus acts as the control center of the cell, storing DNA and regulating all cell activities. It directs growth, reproduction, and protein synthesis.

8. How do chloroplasts help in photosynthesis?

• Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll, which captures sunlight to produce food (glucose) from carbon dioxide and water. This process provides energy for plant growth and survival.

9. What is the function of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)?

• The ER is a network of tubes that helps in transporting proteins and lipids. It is of two types: Smooth ER (lipid production) and Rough ER (protein transport with ribosomes).

10. What is the role of chromosomes in a cell?

• Chromosomes are thread-like structures made of DNA that store genetic information. They help in heredity and cell division, ensuring that traits are passed from parents to offspring.