General Science Question Answers Chapter 1 Living World and Classification of Microbes Class 8 Maharashtra Board

Question Answers For All Chapters – General Science Class 8

Solutions

Exercise

1. Use Whittaker’s method to classify bacteria, protozoa, fungi, algae, prokaryotic and eukaryotic microbes.

→ Kingdom Monera – Bacteria (Prokaryotic, unicellular)

→ Kingdom Protista – Protozoa, Algae (Eukaryotic, unicellular)

→ Kingdom Fungi – Fungi (Eukaryotic, multicellular, saprophytic)

2. Complete the five-kingdom method of classification.

3. Find out my partner.

4. State whether the following statements are true or false. Explain your statement.

(a) Lactobacilli are harmful bacteria.

→ False, lactobacilli help in curd formation and digestion.

(b) The cell wall of fungi is made up of chitin.

→ True, fungi have a chitin cell wall instead of cellulose.

(c) The organ of locomotion in amoeba is pseudopodia.

→ True, amoeba moves using pseudopodia (false feet).

(d) Tomato wilt is a viral disease.

→ True, it is caused by the Tomato Wilt Virus.

5. Give answers.

(a) State the merits of Whittaker’s method of classification.

→ It groups organisms based on cell structure, nutrition, and lifestyle and separates prokaryotes and eukaryotes.

(b) Write the characteristics of viruses.

→ Viruses are non-living outside host cells, very tiny (10-100 nm), and contain DNA or RNA covered by a protein coat.

(c) Explain the nutrition in fungi.

→ Fungi are saprotrophic, meaning they absorb nutrients from decaying organic matter.

(d) Which living organisms are included in the kingdom Monera?

→ Monera includes bacteria and blue-green algae (cyanobacteria), which are unicellular and prokaryotic.

6. Who am I?

(a) I don’t have a true nucleus, cell organelles, or plasma membrane.  → Virus

(b) I have a nucleus and membrane-bound cell organelles.  → Eukaryote

(c) I live on decaying organic matter. → Fungus

(d) I reproduce mainly by cell division. → Bacteria

(e) I can produce my replica. → Virus

(f) I am green but don’t have organs. → Algae

7. Draw neat and labeled diagrams.

• Different types of bacteria (Coccus, Bacillus, Spirillum, Vibrio)
• Paramoecium (with nucleus, cilia, and food vacuole)
• Bacteriophage (with head, tail fibers, and DNA)

8. Arrange the following in ascending order of size Bacteria, Fungi, Viruses, Algae.

Viruses < Bacteria < Fungi < Algae