Imp Questions For All Chapters – Geography Class 9th
Short Questions
1. What are exogenetic processes?
- Processes like erosion, transportation, and deposition that change the Earth’s surface.
2. What is a river?
- A large flow of water formed by many smaller flows coming together.
3. What causes a river to erode?
- Fast-moving water, sand, and pebbles wear away the riverbed and banks.
4. Name one landform made by river erosion.
- V-shaped valley.
5. What is an alluvial fan?
- A triangular deposit of coarse sediments at the foothills of a river.
6. What are meanders?
- Bends or curves in a river when it flows slowly.
7. What forms a delta?
- Sediments deposited at the river’s mouth when it reaches the sea.
8. How do glaciers form?
- Layers of snow pile up and move under their own weight.
9. Name a landform made by glacier erosion.
- U-shaped valley.
10. What are moraines?
- Sediments carried and deposited by glaciers.
11. What is a drumlin?
- A small hill formed by glacier deposition.
12. Where is wind erosion most active?
- In deserts and semi-arid regions.
13. What forms a mushroom rock?
- Wind erodes the base of a rock, leaving a mushroom shape.
14. What is a sand dune?
- A hill of sand deposited by wind.
15. How do sea waves erode coasts?
- Waves hit rocks with water, stones, and pebbles, wearing them away.
16. Name a landform made by sea wave erosion.
- Sea cliff.
17. What is a beach?
- A landform made by the deposition of sand and pebbles by sea waves.
18. What is groundwater?
- Water that seeps into the ground and collects in rocks.
19. What forms a sinkhole?
- Groundwater erodes soft rocks, causing the surface to collapse.
20. What are stalactites?
- Deposits hanging from the ceiling of caves made by groundwater.
Long Questions
1. How do rivers erode the land?
- Rivers start high in mountains where they flow fast, cutting into the riverbed and banks with water and pebbles. This erosion makes landforms like gorges, V-shaped valleys, and waterfalls over time.
2. What happens when a river slows down?
- When a river’s slope gets gentle, it slows down and can’t carry heavy sediments, so it drops them. This forms landforms like alluvial fans, flood plains, and deltas near the sea.
3. How do glaciers erode the land?
- Glaciers move slowly but have a lot of ice that scrapes and erodes their banks and beds. This makes wide U-shaped valleys, cirques, and horns in cold regions.
4. What are moraines and how do they form?
- Moraines are sediments like rocks and soil carried by glaciers, dropped when the ice melts or slows down. They form types like ground, lateral, medial, and terminal moraines based on where they settle.
5. How does wind shape deserts?
- Wind picks up sand and small pebbles in deserts, eroding rocks into shapes like mushroom rocks and carrying sand to make dunes. It works best where there’s no water or plants to stop it.
6. What landforms does wind deposit?
- Wind drops fine sand far away and bigger particles closer, forming sand dunes, barchans, and ripple marks. These shapes grow in deserts when the wind slows down.
7. How do sea waves change coastlines?
- Sea waves hit rocks with force, eroding them into cliffs, caves, and arches along the coast. When waves calm down, they drop sand and pebbles to make beaches and lagoons.
8. What is the depositional work of sea waves?
- Sea waves carry eroded materials like sand and stones, dropping them where the water is calm. This builds up beaches, sand bars, and lagoons over time.
9. How does groundwater erode rocks?
- Groundwater seeps into soft rocks and dissolves minerals, wearing them away to form sinkholes and caves. This happens underground where water flows through cracks.
10. What are stalactites and stalagmites, and how do they form?
- Stalactites hang from cave ceilings and stalagmites rise from the floor, made when groundwater drops minerals as it evaporates. They grow in limestone caves over many years.
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