History Notes Chapter 1 Sources of History Class 9 Maharashtra Board

Notes For All Chapters – History Class 9
1. Introduction

• History is the study of past events based on different sources.
• Historians use various sources to study history and understand how people lived in different periods.

Sources of history are divided into four main types:

1. Material (Physical) Sources
2. Written Sources
3. Oral Sources
4. Audio-Visual Sources

2. Material (Physical) Sources

• Material sources provide physical evidence of past events.
• These sources help us understand architecture, culture, economy, and traditions.

Examples:

• • Monuments and Buildings: Forts, temples, caves, and palaces show architectural styles and historical events.
  • Coins: Provide information about kings, economy, and trade.
  • Sculptures and Paintings: Represent cultural and religious beliefs.
  • Artifacts and Tools: Give details about ancient technologies and daily life.

3. Written Sources

• Written records give detailed information about politics, society, culture, and economy.
• These are important for studying the modern period of history.

Examples:

• • Newspapers and Periodicals: Report current events and political movements.
  • Government Documents: Include laws, official records, and reports.
  • Books and Biographies: Provide historical accounts written by authors and historians.

Press Trust of India (PTI)

• PTI was established in 1953 to provide news reports, articles, and photographs to newspapers.
• It uses satellite technology to transmit news quickly.
• PTI is an important source for recording modern history and keeping people informed.

4. Oral Sources

• Oral sources are traditions and stories passed down from generation to generation.
• These sources provide information about local history, folk traditions, and historical events.

Examples:

• • Folk Songs: Songs that describe historical events, wars, and great leaders.
  • Stories and Proverbs: Passed down by elders and storytellers, explaining social values.
  • Eyewitness Accounts: People who experienced important historical events share their memories.

5. Audio-Visual Sources

• Audio-visual sources include modern technologies that record history through sound and images.
• These sources provide accurate records of recent events and make learning history more interesting.

Examples:

• • Television and Radio: News channels and programs share historical information.
  • Films and Documentaries: Help in understanding past events visually.
  • YouTube and Online Archives: Store videos and audio recordings of speeches, events, and interviews.

6. Importance of Historical Sources

• Material sources help us learn about ancient civilizations, architecture, and culture.
• Written sources provide records of political, social, and economic events.
• Oral sources preserve traditional stories, beliefs, and local history.
• Audio-visual sources offer a modern way to learn history through videos, radio, and TV.