Notes Class 9 Chapter 2.1 Kumarbharati English Maharashtra Board

Notes For All Chapters – Kumarbharati English Class 9

Invictus

Introduction

• • Invictus is a Latin word meaning “unconquered.”
  • The poem talks about staying strong in difficult times and never giving up.
  • The poet, William Ernest Henley, wrote this poem after suffering from a disease that led to the amputation of his leg.
  • Despite his struggles, he remained brave and determined.

Themes (Main Ideas) of the Poem

• • Courage and Strength: The poet remains brave despite facing hardships.
  • Determination: He refuses to give up, no matter how difficult life gets.
  • Control Over One’s Life: The poet believes that we are responsible for our actions and future.
  • Hope and Inspiration: The poem inspires us to stay positive and face difficulties without fear.

Difficult Words & Meanings

• • Invictus – Unconquered
  • Pit – A deep hole (symbolizes darkness and difficulties)
  • Wrath – Anger
  • Fell Clutch – Evil grip or trap
  • Bludgeonings – Heavy beatings
  • Winced – Show pain or fear
  • Menace – Threat
  • Looms – Hangs overhead

Poetic Devices Used

• • Metaphor – Example: “Black as the Pit from pole to pole” (darkness compared to a deep hole).
  • Personification – Example: “Menace of the years finds me unafraid.” (Time is given human qualities).
  • Alliteration – Example: “Captain of my soul.” (Repetition of the “c” sound).
  • Imagery – The poet creates a picture of darkness, pain, and strength through his words.

Rhyme Scheme

• The poem follows an ABAB rhyme scheme.
• Example:
• “Out of the night that covers me (A)”
• “Black as the Pit from pole to pole (B)”
• “I thank whatever gods may be (A)”
• “For my unconquerable soul. (B)”

Moral (Lesson of the Poem)

• We should never lose hope and should face every challenge with courage.
• No one else controls our life – we do!
• Even in the worst situations, we should stay strong and never give up.