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संस्कृतम् आमोद: Question Answers Chapter 10 पितृभक्तः नचिकेताः Class 9 Sanskrit Aamod Maharashtra Board

भाषाभ्यास:

1. एकवाक्येन उत्तरत।


अ. वाजश्रवाः कः ?

उत्तरम् : वाजश्रवाः दानपर: ब्राह्मणः।

मराठी अनुवाद:

वाजश्रव कोण होता?


उत्तर: वाजश्रव हा दानशील ब्राह्मण होता.


आ. दक्षिणायां किं यच्छेत् इति नियमः ?

उत्तरम् : दक्षिणायां सर्वदा प्रियं वस्तु यच्छेत् इति नियमः।

मराठी अनुवाद:

दक्षिणा देताना काय नियम आहे?


उत्तर: दक्षिणा देताना नेहमी प्रिय वस्तूच द्यावी, असा नियम आहे


इ. वाजश्रवसः पुत्रः कः ?

उत्तरम् : बाजश्रवस: पुत्र: नचिकेताः।

मराठी अनुवाद:

वाजश्रवाचा मुलगा कोण होता?


उत्तर: वाजश्रवाचा मुलगा नचिकेत होता.


ई. तृतीयवररूपेण नचिकेताः किम् अयाचत ?

उत्तरम् : तृतीयवररूपेण नचिकेता: आत्मज्ञानम् अयाचत।

मराठी अनुवाद:

तिसऱ्या वराच्या रूपात नचिकेताने काय मागितले?


उत्तर: तिसऱ्या वराच्या रूपात नचिकेताने आत्मज्ञान मागितले.


उ. बालः नचिकेताः कति दिनानि यावत् यमस्य प्रतीक्षाम् अकरोत् ?

उत्तरम् : बाल: नचिकेता: त्रीणिदिनानि यावत् यमस्य प्रतीक्षाम् अकरोत्।

मराठी अनुवाद:

नचिकेत नावाच्या मुलाने किती दिवस यमाची वाट पाहिली?


उत्तर: नचिकेताने तीन दिवस यमाची वाट पाहिली.


2. माध्यमभाषया उत्तरत।


अ. नचिकेता: यमपुरं किमर्थम् अगच्छत् ?

उत्तरम् : ‘पितृभक्त: नचिकेता: ही लहान पण अतिशय प्रगल्भ अशा ज्ञानपिपासू नचिकेताची कथा आहे. नचिकेताने आपले वडील वाजश्रवा यांना विश्वजित् यज्ञ संपन्न झाल्यावर भाकड गायी दक्षिणा म्हणून देताना पाहिले. दक्षिणा म्हणून सर्वात प्रिय वस्तू द्यावी असा नियम होता, त्यामुळे अयोग्य दक्षिणा देण्याचे पाप लागून आपले वडील नरकात जातील की काय अशी नचिकेताला भिती वाटली.

त्याने वडिलांना विचारले “तुम्हाला सर्वात प्रिय असे काय आहे?” वडिलांनी त्याला लगेच सांगितले की नचिकेताच त्यांना सर्वात प्रिय आहे. नचिकेताने हे ऐकून त्यांना विचारले. “मग तुम्ही मला कोणाला दान करणार?” वडिलांनी दुर्लक्ष करुन सुद्धा नचिकेता तोच प्रश्न विचारत राहिला.

शेवटी चिडून वाजश्रवा म्हणाला “मी तुला मृत्यूला देईन!” वडील चिडून बोलत हे कळूनसुद्धा वडिलांच्या आज्ञेचे पालन करायचे आहेत म्हणून नचिकेता यमाच्या घरी गेला. नचिकेता इतका आज्ञाधारी मुलगा होता की वडिलांची आज्ञा मोडायची नाही म्हणून मृत्यूच्या घरी जाताना सुद्धा त्याने किंचितसाही विचार केला नाही. वडिलांच्या आज्ञेचे पालन करण्यासाठी तो अतिशय तत्पर होता.

In the lesson ‘पितृभक्त: नचिकेता:’ there is story of a small boy Nachiketa who was very thirsty for knowledge. Once the little Nachiketa saw his father giving the old, unmilkable cows in charity to the Brahmins after performing Vishwajit sacrifice.

But the rule was that the most beloved thing has to be given in donation. So Nachiketa was scared that his father might attain hell if he performs improper donation. So he asks his father what was the most dear to him. His father answered that Nachiketa was most dear to him.

So Nachika asked whom he would be given to. Nachiketa kept asking this again and again even when his father ignored him. Nachiketa didn’t give up. His father got angry and told him that he would give him to the death. He knew that his father said so in anger.

Still, he went to the abode of Yama to follow his Father’s order. Nachiketa was such a well-behaved son that he didn’t even think once before following his father’s order.


आ. के त्रयः वरा: नचिकेतसा याचिताः ?

उत्तरम् :
‘पितृभक्त नचिकेता’ या पाठामध्ये यम-नचिकेता संवाद आला आहे. या संवादातून नचिकेताची जिज्ञासू वृत्ती दिसून येते. वडिलांची आज्ञा पाळण्यासाठी नचिकेता यमाच्या घरी गेला तेव्हा यम तिथे नव्हता. नचिकेताने काहीही न खाता पिता तीन दिवस यमाची वाट पाहिली. चौथ्या दिवशी यम परतला तेव्हा त्याला लहानग्या नचिकेताची खूप दया आली.

नचिकेता तीन दिवस तिथे थांबला म्हणून यमाने नचिकेताला तीन वर मागण्यास सांगितले. नचिकेताने वडिलांचा राग जाऊ दे असा पहिला वर मागितला आणि स्वर्ग प्राप्त करून देणारी अशी अग्निविद्या दुसरा वर म्हणून मागितली. तिसरा वर म्हणून नचिकेताने सामान्य माणसाला तसेच भल्या भल्या विद्वानांनासुद्धा मिळवण्यासाठी अशक्यप्राय असणारे असे आत्मज्ञान मागितले. नचिकेता वयाने लहान असला तरी सुद्धा त्याला असामान्य अशी बुद्धी आणि ज्ञानपिपासा लाभली होती.

In the story ‘पितृभक्त : नचिकेता:’ an incident of small Nachiketa who is eager to attain the ‘knowledge of self is told. When Nachiketa went to Antioch to obey his father’s order. But Yama was not there. Nachiketa waited there for three days, without eating or drinking anything.

When Yama returned on the fourth day his heart went out of compassion for Nachiketa. Yama offered Nachiketa three boons. Nachiketa asked to let his father’s anger get pacified as the first boon and the Agnividya as the second one.

As the third boon, he asked for knowledge of the self which was very difficult to attain even for the learned let alone a normal human being Even if he was young Nachiketa was blessed with immense maturity and great and thirst for knowledge.

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