All the World’s a Stage

Summary in Marathi

Summary in English

Summary in Hindi

Summary in Marathi

विल्यम शेक्सपियर यांची “ऑल द वर्ल्ड्स अ स्टेज” ही कविता, त्यांच्या अॅज यू लाइक इट या नाटकातून घेतलेली, मानवी जीवनाचे एक सखोल आणि रूपकात्मक वर्णन आहे. शेक्सपियर जगाची तुलना एका रंगमंचाशी करतात, जिथे प्रत्येक व्यक्ती एक नट आहे, जो आपल्या आयुष्यात विविध भूमिका साकारतो. या भूमिका सात वेगवेगळ्या टप्प्यांमध्ये विभागल्या आहेत, ज्या प्रत्येक जीवनाचा एक टप्पा दर्शवतात. पहिला टप्पा आहे लहान बाळ, जो परिचारिकेच्या मिठीत रडत आणि उलटी करत असतो. दुसरा टप्पा आहे शाळकरी मुलगा, जो नाखुशीने शाळेत जातो, चमकणारा चेहरा आणि पिशवी घेऊन. तिसरा टप्पा आहे प्रेमी, जो आपल्या प्रियसीसाठी दुखद गीते लिहितो आणि उसासे टाकतो. चौथा टप्पा आहे सैनिक, जो धाडसी आणि सन्मानासाठी उत्सुक आहे, धोक्यांमध्येही क्षणिक प्रसिद्धीच्या मागे धावतो. पाचवा टप्पा आहे न्यायाधीश, जो शहाणा आणि समृद्ध आहे, जाड पोट आणि औपचारिक वागणूक, सल्ला देत असतो. सहावा टप्पा आहे ज्येष्ठ नागरिक, जो अशक्त आणि कृश आहे, चष्मा लावून आणि कमकुवत आवाजात, जणू दुसरे बालपण जगतो. शेवटचा सातवा टप्पा आहे वृद्धावस्था, जिथे व्यक्ती पूर्णपणे अवलंबून आणि अशक्त होते, “दात नाही, डोळे नाही, चव नाही, सर्व काही नाही.” या कवितेत जीवंत प्रतिमा, उपमा आणि रूपके आहेत, ज्या जीवनाच्या चक्रीय आणि क्षणिक स्वरूपाला अधोरेखित करतात. ही कविता ब्लँक व्हर्समध्ये लिहिलेली आहे, जी मानवी जीवनाचा गाभा विनोद, करुणा आणि तात्विक अंतर्दृष्टीने मांडते.

Summary in English

The poem “All the World’s a Stage” by William Shakespeare, taken from his play As You Like It, is a profound metaphorical exploration of human life. Shakespeare compares the world to a stage where every individual is a player, performing various roles throughout their life. These roles are divided into seven distinct stages, each representing a phase of life with unique characteristics. The poem begins with the infant, helpless and dependent, crying in a nurse’s arms. The second stage is the schoolboy, reluctantly attending school with a shining face and satchel. The third stage depicts the lover, passionately sighing and writing sad poems for his beloved. The fourth stage is the soldier, bold and honor-driven, seeking fleeting reputation even in dangerous situations. The fifth stage portrays the justice, wise and prosperous, with a round belly and formal demeanor, dispensing advice. The sixth stage is the senior citizen, frail and diminished, with spectacles and a weakened voice, resembling a second childhood. Finally, the seventh stage is old age, marked by complete dependence and loss of faculties, described as “sans teeth, sans eyes, sans taste, sans everything.” The poem uses vivid imagery, similes, and metaphors to highlight the cyclical nature of life, emphasizing its transient and universal qualities. Written in blank verse with a steady rhythm, it captures the essence of human existence, blending humor, pathos, and philosophical insight.

Summary in Hindi

विलियम शेक्सपियर का कविता “ऑल द वर्ल्ड्स अ स्टेज”, जो उनके नाटक एज़ यू लाइक इट से ली गई है, मानव जीवन का एक गहरा और रूपकात्मक चित्रण है। शेक्सपियर दुनिया की तुलना एक मंच से करते हैं, जहाँ हर व्यक्ति एक अभिनेता है, जो अपने जीवनकाल में विभिन्न भूमिकाएँ निभाता है। ये भूमिकाएँ सात अलग-अलग चरणों में बाँटी गई हैं, जो जीवन के प्रत्येक पड़ाव को दर्शाती हैं। पहला चरण है शिशु, जो नर्स की गोद में रोता और उल्टी करता है। दूसरा चरण है स्कूल का छात्र, जो अनिच्छा से स्कूल जाता है, चमकता चेहरा और बैग लिए। तीसरा चरण है प्रेमी, जो अपनी प्रियतमा के लिए दुख भरे गीत लिखता और आहें भरता है। चौथा चरण है सैनिक, जो साहसी और सम्मान के लिए उत्सुक है, जो खतरों में भी क्षणिक प्रसिद्धि की तलाश करता है। पाँचवाँ चरण है न्यायाधीश, जो बुद्धिमान और समृद्ध है, मोटा पेट और औपचारिक व्यवहार के साथ सलाह देता है। छठा चरण है वरिष्ठ नागरिक, जो कमजोर और दुबला है, चश्मा पहने और कमजोर आवाज़ के साथ, मानो दूसरा बचपन हो। अंतिम सातवाँ चरण है वृद्धावस्था, जहाँ व्यक्ति पूरी तरह निर्भर और अक्षम हो जाता है, “बिना दाँत, बिना आँख, बिना स्वाद, बिना सब कुछ।” कविता में जीवंत चित्रण, उपमाएँ और रूपक हैं, जो जीवन की चक्रीय और क्षणभंगुर प्रकृति को दर्शाते हैं। यह कविता ब्लैंक वर्स में लिखी गई है, जो मानव जीवन के सार को हास्य, करुणा और दार्शनिक दृष्टि के साथ प्रस्तुत करती है।

Three Questions

  Short Questions 

1. Who wrote the story “Three Questions”?

• Leo Tolstoy.

2.What is a parable?

• A short story with a moral lesson.

3.What was the king’s first question?

• What is the right time for every action?

4. What was the king’s second question?

• Who are the most necessary people?

5.What was the king’s third question?

• What is the most important thing to do?

6. What did the king promise for the answers?

• A great reward.

7. Why did the king go to the hermit?

• To find answers to his questions.

8. What was the hermit doing when the king arrived?

• Digging the ground.

9. Why did the king disguise himself?

• To look like a common man.

10. Who ran out of the forest wounded?

• A bearded man.

11. Why was the bearded man wounded?

• The king’s bodyguards attacked him.

12. What did the king do for the wounded man?

• Bandaged his wound.

13. What did the bearded man want to do to the king?

• Kill him.

14. What was the hermit’s final answer about time?

• Now is the most important time.

15. What is the story’s main message?

• Do good to others.

  Long Questions  

1. Why did the king make a proclamation in his kingdom?

• The king wanted answers to his three questions. He promised a reward for the right answers.

2.What different answers did the learned people give for the first question?

• Some said to make a timetable, others said to stay alert, and some suggested a council. None of their answers satisfied the king.

3.Why did the king help the hermit with digging?

• The hermit looked tired and weak. The king felt sorry and wanted to help him.

4. How did the king save the bearded man’s life?

• The king washed and bandaged the man’s wound. He kept doing it until the bleeding stopped.

5.Why did the bearded man ask for the king’s forgiveness?

• He was the king’s enemy and planned to kill him. The king’s kindness changed his heart.

6.What did the hermit teach the king about the most important person?

• The most important person is the one you are with. You may not meet others again.

7. How did the hermit answer the king’s questions in the end?

• He showed the answers through the king’s actions. Helping the hermit and the wounded man was the right time, person, and thing.

8. What lesson did the king learn from the hermit’s words?

• The king learned to live in the present and do good. This is the purpose of life.

The Concert – Solutions

ENGLISH WORKSHOP

1. Who said to whom?

Question: Read the following sentences and identify who said them to whom.

(a) “We mustn’t miss the chance.”

Answer:  Anant said this to Smita. He was excited about Pandit Ravi Shankar’s concert and didn’t want to miss the opportunity despite his illness.

(b) “This is not the last time they are going to play.”

Answer:  Smita’s mother said this to Anant. She was trying to calm him down and assure him that there would be other chances to hear the musicians, knowing he couldn’t go.

(c) “A walk in the park might make you feel better.”

Answer:  Aunt Sushila said this to Smita. She noticed Smita’s sadness and suggested it to help her feel better after Anant’s wish couldn’t be fulfilled immediately.

(d) “Tomorrow morning we perform for the boy – Yes?”

Answer:  Ustad Allah Rakha said this to Pandit Ravi Shankar. He agreed to Smita’s request to play for Anant at home, showing kindness and willingness.

2. Read the following sentences and write which emotions are revealed from these sentences.

(a) Pandit Ravi Shankar is playing tomorrow at Shanmukhananda auditorium.

Answer: Emotion: Excitement. Smita feels thrilled and happy when she reads about the concert in the newspaper.

(b) It’s the chance of a lifetime.

Answer:  Emotion: Hope and longing. Anant expresses his deep desire to hear Pandit Ravi Shankar, seeing it as a rare and precious opportunity.

(c) Will you come to Aunt Sushila’s house and play for him?

Answer: Emotion: Desperation and pleading. Smita is emotional and desperate while asking Pandit Ravi Shankar to fulfill her brother’s wish

 (d) Did you…did you hear him?

Answer: Emotion: Anxiety and hope. Anant, weak and breathless, is eager to know if Smita heard Panditji, showing his longing despite his condition.

(e) Is it…It’s not possible?

Answer: Emotion: Shock and disbelief. The neighbors are stunned to see famous musicians like Pandit Ravi Shankar and Ustad Allah Rakha arriving at Aunt Sushila’s modest home.

3. Read the text carefully, you will find some words describing a particular specialty of the individuals/personalities in the text. Explain the meaning of the following words given in the table with reference to the particular personality mentioned in the text.

Question: Explain the meanings of the following words in relation to the personalities in the story

Answer:

4. Describe the condition of Smita when she was going towards the stage. Read the text again and complete the boxes given below. One is done for you.

Question: Fill in the details about Smita’s physical and emotional state as she approached the stage.

• Her heart was beating loudly.
• Smita’s condition: (Complete the rest)

Answer:

• Her heart was beating loudly.
• Her knees felt weak.
• Her tongue was dry.

(Explanation: As Smita moved toward Pandit Ravi Shankar to make her request, she was nervous and overwhelmed, which caused these physical reactions.)

5. The whole story revolves around Anant. Write a short paragraph on Anant. Take help of the following points to develop the paragraph.

Question: Write a paragraph about Anant using these points:

1. Health
2. Disease
3. Early interests
4. Intense desire/wish
5. Fulfillment of desire/wish

Answer: Anant was a fifteen-year-old boy whose health deteriorated due to cancer, leaving him bedridden and dependent on oxygen. Despite his deadly disease, he remained passionate about music and sports. Before falling ill, he was the best table-tennis player and fastest runner in school, and he had a keen interest in learning the sitar, even surpassing his sister Smita in skill. His intense desire was to hear Pandit Ravi Shankar perform live, which he called “the chance of a lifetime.” Though too sick to attend the concert, his wish was fulfilled when Smita convinced Pandit Ravi Shankar and Ustad Allah Rakha to play at home, bringing him immense joy as he passed away peacefully surrounded by music.

6. The story has three important characters – Anant, Smita, and Aunt Sushila. Go through the story again and complete the following table that highlights their special traits of character. You can put an X mark if that trait is not mentioned in the text.

Answer:

7. The two contradictory pictures are depicted in the story. Discuss in pairs and describe them in your words in front of the class.

Question: Identify and describe the two opposing scenes in the story.

Answer:

1. First Picture: The vibrant and cheerful scene of the concert at Shanmukhananda auditorium, where the audience clapped loudly, the music enchanted everyone, and Smita felt transported to a magical world. It was full of life, energy, and celebration.

2. Second Picture: The gloomy and tragic situation at Aunt Sushila’s home, where Anant lay dying of cancer, surrounded by a family hiding their sorrow with forced smiles. It was a scene of despair, helplessness, and quiet suffering, contrasting sharply with the concert’s joy.

8. The text has a big collection of Indian words in it. Using words from another language in a write-up is called Code-mixing. Make a list of all the Indian words in table A and their meanings in table B. One is done for you.

Question: List the Indian words from the story and explain their meanings.

Answer:

• Table A (Indian Words):
  1. Bharatnatyam
  2. Kathakali
  3. Kuchipudi
  4. Padmashri
  5. Sangeet
  6. Kalidas Sanman
  7. Pandit
  8. Shanmukhananda
  9. Sitar
  10. Guru
  11. Ustad
  12. Raga
  13. Paan
  14. Divan
• Table B (Meanings):
  1. Bharatnatyam – A classical Indian dance form.
  2. Kathakali – A dramatic dance from Kerala.
  3. Kuchipudi – A classical dance from Andhra Pradesh.
  4. Padmashri – A prestigious Indian award.
  5. Sangeet – Music or musical performance.
  6. Kalidas Sanman – An award for arts and literature.
  7. Pandit – A title for a learned or skilled person, often a musician.
  8. Shanmukhananda – Name of an auditorium in Bombay.
  9. Sitar – A stringed musical instrument.
  10. Guru – A teacher or mentor.
  11. Ustad – A master musician.
  12. Raga – A melodic framework in Indian music.
  13. Paan – A betel leaf preparation chewed in India.
  14. Divan – A low couch or bed.

9. (A) Choose the appropriate Adverb or Adjective form to fill in the gaps.

Question: Select the correct word from the options given.

1. She spoke in an __excited____ tone. (excited / excitedly)
2. Smita accepted the suggestion __gratefully____. (grateful / gratefully)
3. They gave him whatever made him __happy____. (happy / happily)
4. He ran very __slowly____. (slow / slowly)
5. He would become a __great____ sitarist some day. (great / greatly)
6. Life went out of him __gently____. (gentle / gently)

9. (B) Rewrite in Indirect speech.

Question: Convert the following direct speech sentences into indirect speech.

1. “Please,” she begged him, “Please come.”

• She begged him to please come.

2. He said, “What shall we do, Ustad Sahib?”

• He asked Ustad Sahib what they should do.

3. Her brother said, “Enjoy yourself.” He added, “Lucky you!”

• Her brother told her to enjoy herself and added that she was lucky.

4. “Yes,” Panditji replied. “It’s settled then. Tomorrow morning we shall perform for the boy.”

•  Panditji replied that yes, it was settled then, and they would perform for the boy the next morning.

 10. The text mentions names of stalwarts like Pandit Ravi Shankar and Ustad Allah Rakha. Both have earned worldwide name and fame for their outstanding contribution to the field of music. Form groups of 5 students each and write a brief note on other stalwarts in this (music) field. You can take help of your school library or search the relevant information on the internet. Take help of the following points.

Question: Write a brief note on another music stalwart using these points:

1. Name
2. Field
3. Specialisation
4. Guru
5. Early life
6. Education
7. Early success
8. Contribution to the field and world
9. Awards
10. Any special incident

Answer: (Example of one stalwart)

• Name: Ustad Zakir Hussain
• Field: Music
• Specialisation: Tabla
• Guru: Ustad Alla Rakha (his father)
• Early Life: Born on March 9, 1951, in Mumbai to a musical family.
• Education: Trained in tabla from childhood under his father’s guidance.
• Early Success: Began performing internationally as a teenager, gaining fame for his skill.
• Contribution to the Field and World: Popularized tabla globally by blending Indian classical music with jazz and fusion, collaborating with artists like John McLaughlin.
• Awards: Padma Shri (1988), Padma Bhushan (2002), Grammy Awards.
• Any Special Incident: At age 7, he spontaneously joined his father on stage during a concert, earning applause and marking the start of his career.

11. Imagine you are the monitor of your class. You are assigned the task to invite a classical singer as a chief guest for the Annual Day Programme. Write a letter of invitation to a famous classical singer. Take help of the following points. Write in short –

Question: Write a letter using these points:

1. About your school
2. About the Annual Day Programme
3. Interest and love of students for music
4. Motivation

Answer: XYZ School, Pune, Maharashtra April 9, 2025

To: [Name of Singer], [Address], [City]

Subject: Invitation to be Chief Guest at Annual Day Programme

Dear [Singer’s Name],

I am [Your Name], the monitor of Class 10th at XYZ School, Pune, a reputed institution known for encouraging talent. We are delighted to invite you as the Chief Guest for our Annual Day Programme on [date]. The event will feature student performances, celebrating our achievements.

Our students deeply admire classical music, especially [mention form, e.g., Hindustani], and are eager to witness your presence. Your inspiring journey as a renowned singer would motivate us to pursue our passions with dedication. We would be honored if you could join us and share a few words.

Kindly confirm your availability.

Yours sincerely, [Your Name] Class Monitor, Class 10th XYZ School, Pune

The Pulley – Solutions

ENGLISH WORKSHOP

1. With the help of the clues, pick out words containing the letter ‘a’ from the poem and build a word-pyramid.

• (a) an article: a
• (b) a preposition: at
• (c) past tense of ‘lie’: lay
• (d) maximum length of your open palm: span
• (e) make much of: adore
• (f) loveliness: beauty
• (g) in place of: instead
• (h) a collection of priceless valuables: treasures
• (i) restlessness and discontent: restlessness

Word Pyramid:

a
at
lay
span
adore
beauty
instead
treasures
restlessness

2. Choose the correct alternative from the following.

(a) Herbert’s poem ‘The Pulley’ displays … as the two main themes.

(i) Origin of Morality/Spirituality

(b) The theme of the poem ‘The Pulley’ is (Find two correct statements):

(iii) to know the different gifts bestowed on man by God.

(v) God pulled man towards Him by making him restless and weary.

(c) In the poem, ‘The Pulley’ is considered:

(iv) an image by which God compels people to become devout.

(d) … is an example of Pun from the poem.

(i) Rest in the bottom lay.

(e) … is an example of Paradox from the poem.

(iii) Let him be rich and weary.

(f) … is an example of Synecdoche from the poem.

(iii) “Let us” said he “pour on him”.

(g) … is an example of Alliteration from the poem.

(iii) Repining restlessness.

(h) … is an example of Inversion from the poem.

(ii) So both should losers be.

(i) The rhyme scheme of the poem is …

(iv) a b a b a.

3. Discuss and answer in your own words, and write in your notebook.

(a) The poet has used the word REST thrice in the poem. Write what the word implies in each of the three lines it occurs.

• Line: “Rest in the bottom lay” – Here, “rest” means peace or contentment, which God notices is still left in His glass of blessings.
• Line: “He would adore my gifts instead of me, And rest in Nature” – Here, “rest” means being satisfied with worldly things, like nature, instead of seeking God.
• Line: “Yet let him keep the rest” – Here, “rest” refers to all the other gifts (like strength, beauty, wisdom) that God has given to man, except the gift of rest (peace).

(b) What does God want in return from man, for the gifts He has bestowed upon him?

• God wants man to be grateful and remember Him for the gifts. He wants man to worship and love Him, not just enjoy the gifts and forget the Giver.

(c) Why did God withhold the gift of ‘Rest’ from man?

• God withheld the gift of rest (peace or contentment) so that man would not become too satisfied with the gifts and forget God. By keeping man restless, God ensures that man will turn to Him for true peace.

(d) Besides those given in the poem, what other gifts has God blessed mankind with above his other creations? Enlist them.

God has given mankind gifts like:

• Intelligence to think and create.
• Emotions to feel love and compassion.
• Free will to make choices.
• Ability to communicate through language.

(e) When does man generally turn to God? Give one example to support your response.

• Man generally turns to God when he is tired, troubled, or feels restless. For example, when someone faces a big problem, like failing an exam or losing a loved one, they may pray to God for help and comfort.

4. (A) Discuss with your group and justify the title of the poem ‘The Pulley’ in your own words.

• The title “The Pulley” is suitable because the poem compares God’s way of drawing man closer to Him to a pulley, a device that lifts things. God gives man many gifts but keeps back “rest” (peace), so man feels restless. This restlessness acts like a pulley, pulling man toward God when he is tired and seeks true peace.

(B) Pick out 3 lines that contain Monologues of God.

• “Let us (said He) pour on him all we can:”
• “For if I should (said He) Bestow this jewel also on my creature,”
• “Yet let him keep the rest, But keep them with repining restlessness:”

5. (A) Pick out two lines that contain the following figures of speech.

(a) Antithesis:

1. “He would adore my gifts instead of me.”
2. “And rest in Nature, not the God of Nature.”

(b) Alliteration:

1. “Repining restlessness”
2. “World’s riches”

(c) Inversion:

1. “So both should losers be.”
2. “When God at first made man.”

(B) Explain the Figures of Speech in the following lines.

(a) Rest in the bottom lay – PUN because:

• The word “rest” has two meanings here: one is “peace or contentment,” and the other is “the remaining part” (what’s left in the glass). This double meaning creates a playful effect, as it refers to both the gift God didn’t give and what remained.

(b) Bestow this jewel also on my creature – METAPHOR because:

• The word “jewel” is used to describe “rest” (peace). It compares rest to a precious gem without using “like” or “as,” making it a metaphor to show how valuable rest is.

(c) And rest in Nature, not the God of Nature – REPETITION because:

• The word “Nature” is repeated in the same line to emphasize the difference between resting in worldly things (Nature) and resting in God, who created Nature.

6. Write Critical Appreciation of the poem in a paragraph format.

• The poem The Pulley by George Herbert is a beautiful and thought-provoking religious poem that explores the relationship between God and man. Written in a simple yet powerful style, it uses the metaphor of a pulley to show how God lifts man toward Himself. The poem describes how God gives man many gifts, like strength, beauty, wisdom, and honor, but holds back “rest” (peace) so that man does not become too content with these gifts and forget God. The imagery, such as the “glass of blessings” and the pulley, makes the poem vivid and meaningful. The rhyme scheme (a b a b a) and figures of speech like pun, metaphor, and alliteration add depth and charm. The central theme is that restlessness in life is God’s way of pulling man closer to Him, making the poem a blend of spiritual and scientific ideas. Overall, The Pulley is a touching reminder to stay connected to God even when life feels tiring.

7. ‘Pun’ can be defined as play on words based on their different meanings. Example: ‘Writing with a broken pencil is pointless.’ In this poem, there is an example of Pun. Find and make a sentence of your own. Share a joke with the class where the use of ‘Pun’ creates humor.

• Pun from the poem: “Rest in the bottom lay” (The word “rest” means both “peace” and “what remains”).
• My sentence with a pun: “I wanted to sleep, but my bed said it needed a rest too!”
• Joke with a pun: Why did the scarecrow become a motivational speaker? Because he was outstanding in his field!

8. Write a paragraph on the points in each block given below to get a summary on each of the four stanzas of the poem.

Stanza I: God Created man, Best creations, Offered Blessings/Gifts

• In the first stanza, the poem describes how God created man and decided to give him all His blessings. God has a “glass of blessings” containing many gifts, and He says, “Let us pour on him all we can.” He wants to gather the world’s riches, which are scattered, and give them to man in a small space, showing His love for His best creation.

Stanza II: God gifted man, Beauty, wisdom, honour, etc.

• In the second stanza, God begins to pour His gifts on man one by one. First comes strength, followed by beauty, wisdom, honor, and pleasure. But when almost all the gifts are given, God stops because He notices that one gift, “rest” (peace), is still left at the bottom of the glass.

Stanza III: Did not give ‘Rest’, Man If happy/contented Forgets God, Instead worships Gifts

• In the third stanza, God decides not to give man the gift of rest. He thinks that if man gets rest, he will become too satisfied and love God’s gifts (like nature) more than God Himself. God says that if man worships the gifts instead of Him, both will lose-man will lose his connection with God, and God will lose man’s devotion.

Stanza IV: Man needs to be reminded of the Giver, God made his life discontented, So man is lifted with a Pulley towards HIM

• In the fourth stanza, God decides to let man keep all the other gifts but with a sense of restlessness. God wants man to feel tired and dissatisfied so that, when he is weary, he will turn to God for true peace. This restlessness acts like a pulley, lifting man closer to God when goodness alone doesn’t guide him.

Connecting the Dots – Solutions

ENGLISH WORKSHOP

1. (A) Rearrange the incidents in the life of Steve Jobs in chronological order.

(a) Steve Jobs started Next.

(b) Jobs underwent a surgery.

(c) Jobs learned about serif and sans serif type faces.

(d) Jobs returned to Apple Inc.

(e) Jobs married Laurene.

(f) Jobs was diagnosed with cancer.

(g) Jobs dropped out of Reed College.

Answer:-

(g) Jobs dropped out of Reed College.

(c) Jobs learned about serif and sans serif type faces.

(a) Steve Jobs started Next.

(e) Jobs married Laurene.

(d) Jobs returned to Apple Inc.

(f) Jobs was diagnosed with cancer.

(b) Jobs underwent a surgery.

1. (B) Read the third story again. Complete the flow-chart given below.

Flow-chart: Diagnosed with cancer → (2) → (3) → (4) → (5) → (6) → (7) → (8) → (9) → (10) → Stay hungry, stay foolish.

Answer:

1. Diagnosed with cancer
2. Doctor advised to get affairs in order
3. Lived with the diagnosis all day
4. Had a biopsy in the evening
5. Found it was a rare, curable cancer
6. Had surgery
7. Recovered and felt fine
8. Realized time is limited
9. Advised not to follow dogma
10. Stay hungry, stay foolish

2. Read the lesson. Refer to a dictionary and match the words in column ‘A’ with their meanings in column ‘B’.

Answer:-

(a) diagnosis – (iii) act of identifying the nature of a problem or illness

(b) devastating – (v) causing great destruction

(c) intuition – (iv) power of understanding situations or people’s feelings beforehand

(d) calligraphy – (vi) beautiful handwriting done with a special pen or brush

(e) destiny – (i) the power believed to control events

(f) catalogue – (ii) complete list of items especially in a special order and description

3. Go through all the three stories. Identify some qualities of Steve Jobs and complete the webchart.

Webchart: curiosity → Steve Jobs ← (other qualities)

Answer: curiosity determination creativity courage love for work trust in intuition open-mindedness Steve Jobs (center of the web)

4. Complete the following table.

             ‘The Three Stories in the Life of Steve Jobs’

5. Say HOW?

(a) The calligraphy classes helped Steve Jobs after 10 years.

Answer: The calligraphy classes taught Steve Jobs about serif and sans serif typefaces and great typography, which he used to design the Macintosh computer with beautiful fonts.

(b) You can connect dots.

Answer: You can connect dots by looking back at past experiences and seeing how they lead to something meaningful in your life later on.

(c) Jobs reacted later on, after the shock of being fired from Apple.

Answer: Jobs felt devastated at first, but later realized he still loved his work, so he started over with new companies like Next and Pixar.

(d) Jobs was cured of a rare cancer.

Answer: Jobs had a biopsy that showed a rare form of pancreatic cancer, which could be cured with surgery, and he recovered after the operation.

(e) Jobs acquired the famous words ‘Stay Hungry. Stay Foolish’.

Answer: Jobs saw these words on the back cover of The Whole Earth Catalogue and adopted them as a life lesson to share with others.

6. Besides those given at the end of the talk by Steve Jobs, pick out other pieces of advice that Jobs gives in his speech.

(a) Answer: Trust that the dots will connect in your future.

(b) Answer: Follow your heart and intuition, as they know what you truly want.

(c) Answer: Don’t let others’ opinions drown out your inner voice.

7. (A) Use the following idioms/phrases in sentences of your own.

⚫ drop it

Answer: I asked him to drop it because the argument was going nowhere.

⚫ drop out

Answer: She decided to drop out of school to pursue her dreams.

⚫ stumble on

Answer: I stumbled on an old book while cleaning the attic.

⚫ look backwards

Answer: Sometimes, you need to look backwards to understand your journey.

⚫ look forward

Answer: I look forward to meeting my friends this weekend.

⚫ let (someone) down

Answer: He didn’t want to let his team down, so he worked harder.

⚫ sign off

Answer: The teacher signed off the letter with a warm goodbye.

⚫ begin anew

Answer: After the failure, she decided to begin anew with a fresh plan.

7. (B) Fill in the gaps choosing the appropriate idioms.

(drown out, hits in the head with a brick, get one’s affairs in order, connect the dots, begin to dawn, stay hungry)

(a) The wealthy landlord made a will get one’s affairs in order before he could die.

(b) Those who aspire for success should always stay hungry to learn more.

(c) If you connect the dots, you will realise that crime ultimately leads to poverty.

(d) The siren of the ambulance drown out all other traffic noise.

(e) When the father learned about his son’s misdeeds, it hits in the head with a brick.

(f) On reading exactly same essays in both answer sheets, it begin to dawn the examiner, that the students had cheated during exams.

8. (A) Name the Tense of the Verbs underlined to include Time (Past/Present/Future) and Aspect (Simple/Continuous/Perfect/Perfect Continuous)

(1) I slept on the floor.

Answer: Past Simple

(2) You haven’t found it.

Answer: Present Perfect

(3) We were designing the first Macintosh computer.

Answer: Past Continuous

(4) It had made all the difference.

Answer: Past Perfect

(5) I am fine, now.

Answer: Present Simple

(6) I have been facing death.

Answer: Present Perfect Continuous

(7) I shall be telling you three stories.

Answer: Future Continuous

8. (B) Change the Tense as instructed.

(1) I got fired. (Future Perfect)

Answer: I will have got fired.

(2) Life hits you in the head. (Present Perfect Continuous)

Answer: Life has been hitting you in the head.

(3) The dots will somehow connect. (Past Perfect)

Answer: The dots had somehow connected.

(4) I started a company. (Present Continuous)

Answer: I am starting a company.

(5) My doctor advised me. (Past Perfect Continuous)

Answer: My doctor had been advising me.

9.(A) Read the News item and write an application for a suitable job in the same company. Attach a separate CV/Resume.

Application Letter: [Your Address] [City, State, PIN] April 08, 2025

The HR Manager Apple Development Office Hyderabad

Subject: Application for the Post of Software Engineer

Dear Sir/Madam,

I am writing to apply for the position of Software Engineer at Apple Development Office, Hyderabad, as mentioned in the news on May 19, 2016. I have completed my B.Tech in Computer Science with excellent grades and have skills in programming and software development. I am passionate about technology and would love to contribute to Apple’s innovative projects like maps and product development.

Please find my resume attached for your review. I would be grateful for an opportunity to work with your esteemed company. Thank you for considering my application. I look forward to your response.

Yours sincerely, [Your Full Name] [Contact Number] [Email ID]

Resume: [Your Full Name] [Address] | [Phone Number] | [Email ID]

Objective: To work as a Software Engineer at Apple and contribute to innovative technology solutions.

Education:

• B.Tech in Computer Science, [Your School/College], [Year] – [Percentage/CGPA]
• Class 12, [School Name], [Year] – [Percentage]
• Class 10, [School Name], [Year] – [Percentage]

Skills:

• Programming: C++, Java, Python
• Software Development
• Problem-solving and teamwork

Hobbies: Coding, reading tech blogs

9. (B) Imagine you are already working as an Engineer in Apple Development Office, Hyderabad. Write an application for 2 weeks leave to the HR Manager as you have to undergo an urgent surgery.

Application Letter: [Your Address] Apple Development Office Hyderabad April 08, 2025

The HR Manager Apple Development Office Hyderabad

Subject: Request for 2 Weeks Leave for Urgent Surgery

Dear Sir/Madam,

I am [Your Full Name], working as a Software Engineer in the Apple Development Office, Hyderabad. I am writing to request a leave of 2 weeks from April 10, 2025, to April 24, 2025, as I need to undergo an urgent surgery due to a medical condition. The doctor has advised complete rest during this period for recovery.

I will ensure all my current tasks are completed or delegated before my leave begins. Kindly grant me this leave, and I will be grateful for your support. Thank you.

Yours sincerely, [Your Full Name] Employee ID: [Your ID] [Contact Number]

10. Prepare a speech on the title “The Will to Win” to be delivered before the class during a competition.

Speech:

Good morning, everyone! Today, I am here to speak on the topic “The Will to Win.”

Introduction: Winning is not just about talent or luck; it’s about having the determination to succeed no matter what challenges come your way. The will to win is the inner strength that pushes us forward.

Objective and Illustrations: The goal of having this will is to achieve our dreams. Take Steve Jobs as an example-he faced setbacks like dropping out of college and being fired from Apple, but his will to win kept him going.

Specific Examples: When Jobs was fired, he didn’t give up. He started Next and Pixar, and later returned to Apple, making it a global success. This shows how the will to win turns failures into victories.

Purpose of the Title: The title reminds us that success comes from effort and belief in ourselves, not just from easy circumstances.

Sources/Resources for Implementation: To build this will, we need courage, hard work, and inspiration from people like Jobs or even our own small victories.

Usefulness/Benefits: It helps us overcome obstacles, stay focused, and achieve our goals, making us stronger and happier.

Conclusion: So, let’s develop the will to win in our lives. As Jobs said, “Stay Hungry, Stay Foolish”-keep pushing forward! Thank you!