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Adjective विशेषण

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Adjective in Hindi (विशेषण)

परिभाषा:
विशेषण वह शब्द हैं जिसका प्रयोग वाक्य में प्रयुक्त संज्ञा या सर्वनाम की विशेषता को प्रकट करने के लिए किया जाता हैं। विशेषण संज्ञा या क्रिया के गुण-दोष, स्थिति, दशा, आकार, रंग आदि का बोध कराते हैं।

उदाहरण:

  • वे भारतीय खिलाड़ी हैं।
  • यह रेल लाइन बहुत लंबी है।
  • राम ने 5 सेब खरीदे हैं।

हिंदी में विशेषण के प्रकार:

  1. गुणवाचक विशेषण (Adjective of Quality):
    • उदाहरण: बुरा, गंदा, दुष्ट
    • वाक्य में प्रयोग: यह बुरा सपना है।
  2. परिमाणवाचक विशेषण (Adjective of Quantity):
    • उदाहरण: थोड़ा पानी, बहुत दूध
    • वाक्य में प्रयोग: उसने बहुत दूध पिया।
  3. संख्यावाचक विशेषण (Adjective of Number):
    • उदाहरण: पाँच विद्यार्थी, सात घोड़े
    • वाक्य में प्रयोग: पाँच विद्यार्थी कक्षा में हैं।
  4. सार्वनामिक विशेषण (Pronominal Adjective):
    • उदाहरण: मेरी पुस्तक, कोई बालक, किसी का महल
    • वाक्य में प्रयोग: मेरी पुस्तक कहाँ है?
  5. व्यक्तिवाचक विशेषण (Proper Adjective):
    • उदाहरण: खिलाड़ी, चाईनीस, फ़्रांसिसी, गुजराती
    • वाक्य में प्रयोग: वह गुजराती भाषा बोलता है।
  6. संकेतवाचक विशेषण (Demonstrative Adjective):
    • उदाहरण: यह घर मेरा है, यह मेरा नहीं है
    • वाक्य में प्रयोग: यह किताब मेरी है।
  7. प्रश्नवाचक विशेषण (Interrogative Adjective):
    • उदाहरण: यह मकान किसका है? आप कहाँ जा रहे हो?
    • वाक्य में प्रयोग: वह कौन है?
  8. विभागसूचक विशेषण (Distributive Adjective):
    • उदाहरण: हर एक फल मीठा है, प्रत्येक छात्र ने एक किताब प्राप्त की।
    • वाक्य में प्रयोग: हर एक बच्चा खेल रहा है।
  9. सम्बंधवाचक विशेषण (Relative Adjective):
    • उदाहरण: दौड़ने के लिए रास्ता, उसका दोस्त, हमारा घर
    • वाक्य में प्रयोग: यह उसका दोस्त है।

Adjective in English

Definition:
Adjectives are words that describe or modify nouns (people, places, or things) to provide more information about their qualities or attributes.

Example:

  • The beautiful flowers bloomed in the garden.
  • She is wearing a red dress.
  • It was a long and tiring journey.

Types of Adjectives:

  1. Proper Adjective:
    • Examples: Mr. Smith, Delhi
    • Sentence: She wore a beautiful Italian dress.
  2. Adjective of Quality:
    • Examples: red, blue, tall, short
    • Sentence: He has a tall stature.
  3. Adjective of Quantity:
    • Examples: some, many, few, several
    • Sentence: She needs some water.
  4. Adjective of Number:
    • Examples: one, first, second, many
    • Sentence: She was the first in line.
  5. Demonstrative Adjective:
    • Examples: this, that, these, those
    • Sentence: This book is mine.
  6. Interrogative Adjective:
    • Examples: which, what, whose
    • Sentence: Which color do you prefer?
  7. Distributive Adjective:
    • Examples: each, every, either, neither
    • Sentence: Each student must submit their assignment.
  8. Possessive Adjective:
    • Examples: my, her, your
    • Sentence: My friends are coming over.
  9. Indefinite Adjective:
    • Examples: some, many, any, few
    • Sentence: Some people arrived early.

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