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Deriving Conclusion

Deriving Conclusion in Hindi

किसी स्थिति, घटना या जानकारी के आधार पर एक तार्किक और उपयुक्त परिणाम या निर्णय पर पहुंचना।

उदाहरण 1:

कथन 1: कुछ कीड़े, पक्षी हैं।
कथन 2: सभी पक्षी, फल हैं।
निष्कर्ष:

  1. सभी फल, पक्षी हैं।
  2. कुछ कीड़े, फल हैं।

Answer: केवल निष्कर्ष 2 अनुसरण करता है।

व्याख्या:

  • निष्कर्ष 1 गलत है, क्योंकि “सभी फल, पक्षी हैं” कथन को सिलोज़िज़्म के आधार पर नहीं निकाला जा सकता। केवल यह कहा गया है कि “सभी पक्षी फल हैं”, लेकिन यह नहीं कहा गया कि सभी फल पक्षी हैं।
  • निष्कर्ष 2 सही है, क्योंकि यदि कुछ कीड़े पक्षी हैं और सभी पक्षी फल हैं, तो उन कुछ कीड़ों के फल होने की संभावना है।

उदाहरण 2:

कथन 1: सभी मनुष्य प्राणी हैं।
कथन 2: राम एक मनुष्य है।
निष्कर्ष:

राम एक प्राणी है।
राम एक पक्षी है।
Answer: केवल निष्कर्ष 1 अनुसरण करता है।

व्याख्या:

  • निष्कर्ष 1 सही है, क्योंकि कथन 1 में कहा गया है कि सभी मनुष्य प्राणी हैं, और राम एक मनुष्य है, तो राम एक प्राणी होगा।
  • निष्कर्ष 2 गलत है, क्योंकि कथन में कहीं भी यह नहीं कहा गया है कि राम एक पक्षी है।

Deriving Conclusion in English

When deriving conclusions from statements, the key is to follow logical reasoning and ensure that the conclusions logically follow from the premises provided.

Types of Statements:

  1. Universal Statements (All, No, Every): These make a claim about the entire group.
    • Example: “All A are B.”
    • Example: “No A are B.”
  2. Particular Statements (Some): These make a claim about a part of the group.
    • Example: “Some A are B.”

How to Derive Conclusions:

  1. Understand the Statements: Break down each statement logically.
  2. Consider the Relationships: Identify how the different categories in the statements interact.
  3. Evaluate Each Conclusion: Check if each conclusion logically follows from the given statements.

Example 1:

Statements:

  • No window is a monkey.
  • All the monkeys are cats.

Conclusions:

  1. No window is a cat.
    • False. This doesn’t necessarily follow from the statements. Just because no window is a monkey doesn’t mean it can’t be a cat.
  2. No cat is a window.
    • False. Again, the statements don’t rule out the possibility of a cat being a window.
  3. Some cats are monkeys.
    • True. Since all monkeys are cats, it logically follows that some cats are monkeys.
  4. All cats are monkeys.
    • False. The statement “All monkeys are cats” does not imply that all cats are monkeys.

Example 2:

Statements:

  • Some students are teachers.
  • Some teachers are doctors.

Conclusions:

  1. Some students are doctors.
    • False. We cannot conclude this because the two groups (students and doctors) aren’t directly related based on the statements.
  2. Some teachers are students.
    • True. Since some students are teachers, it follows that some teachers are students.
  3. Some doctors are students.
    • False. We cannot make this conclusion based on the given statements.
  4. Some teachers are not doctors.
    • True. We know that not all teachers are doctors, so this is a valid conclusion.

More Common Deriving Conclusion examples

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