The Amazing World of Solutes, Solvents, and Solutions
Short Questions
1. What is a solution?
Answer:- A uniform mixture where substances are evenly mixed.
2. What is a solute?
Answer:-The substance that dissolves in a solution, usually a solid.
3. What is a solvent?
Answer:- The substance that dissolves the solute, usually a liquid.
4.Name a common solvent.
Answer:- Water.
5.Is air a solution?
Answer:- Yes, it is a gaseous solution.
6.What is the solvent in air?
Answer:- Nitrogen.
7.What is a saturated solution?
Answer:- A solution where no more solute can dissolve at a given temperature.
8.What is an unsaturated solution?
Answer:- A solution that can dissolve more solute at a given temperature.
9.Does temperature affect solubility?
Answer:- Yes, it does.
10.How does temperature affect the solubility of solids in liquids?
Answer:- Solubility of solids increases with higher temperature.
11.How does temperature affect the solubility of gases in liquids?
Answer:- Solubility of gases decreases with higher temperature.
12.What is density?
Answer:- Density is the mass of a substance per unit volume.
13.What is the formula for density?
Answer:- Density = Mass / Volume.
14.What is the SI unit of density?
Answer:- Kilogram per cubic meter (kg/m³).
15. Why does ice float on water?
Answer:- Ice is less dense than liquid water.
Long Questions
1. What is the difference between a solute and a solvent in a solution?
Answer:- A solute is the substance that dissolves, like sugar in water. A solvent is the substance that dissolves the solute, like water in a sugar solution.
2. Why does every sip of Oral Rehydration Solution (ORS) taste the same?
Answer:- ORS is a uniform solution where sugar and salt are evenly mixed in water. This ensures consistent taste throughout the solution.
3. Why do sugar and salt dissolve in water but not in oil?
Answer:- Water is a good solvent for polar substances like sugar and salt. Oil is non-polar and does not dissolve these substances.
4.How can you tell if a solution is saturated or unsaturated?
Answer:- A saturated solution cannot dissolve more solute, and excess settles at the bottom. An unsaturated solution can still dissolve more solute at the same temperature.
5.How does temperature affect the density of a substance?
Answer:- Heating a substance increases its volume, reducing its density. Cooling decreases the volume, increasing the density.
6.Why does a wooden stick float on water while an iron rod sinks?
Answer:- Wood has a lower density than water, so it floats. Iron has a higher density, so it sinks.
7.How can you measure the volume of an irregular solid object?
Answer:- Submerge the object in a measuring cylinder with water and note the rise in water level. The difference in water levels gives the object’s volume.
8.Why are measuring cylinders tall and narrow instead of wide and short?
Answer:- Tall, narrow cylinders allow for more precise volume measurements. They reduce errors by making small changes in liquid level more noticeable.
9.What happens to the density of a gas when pressure is increased?
Answer:- Increasing pressure brings gas particles closer, reducing volume. This increases the density of the gas.
10.Why does ice form a layer on top of water in cold weather?
Answer:- Ice is less dense than water due to its structure, so it floats. This forms a protective layer, keeping water below warm for aquatic life.
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