Main Menu
  • School
    • Close
    • CBSE English Medium
    • CBSE Hindi Medium
    • UP Board
    • Bihar Board
    • Maharashtra Board
    • MP Board
    • Close
  • English
    • Close
    • English Grammar for School
    • Basic English Grammar
    • Basic English Speaking
    • English Vocabulary
    • English Idioms & Phrases
    • Personality Enhancement
    • Interview Skills
    • Close
  • Sarkari Exam Prep
    • Close
    • All Govt Exams Preparation
    • MCQs for Competitive Exams
    • Notes For Competitive Exams
    • NCERT Syllabus for Competitive Exam
    • Close
  • Study Abroad
    • Close
    • Study in Australia
    • Study in Canada
    • Study in UK
    • Study in Germany
    • Study in USA
    • Close
Class 12th Chemistry || Menu
  • MCQ Chemistry Class 12
  • Important Questions Chemistry class 12
  • Notes Chemistry Class 12
  • Previous Year Papers Chemistry Class 12
  • Sample Papers Chemistry Class 12
  • Book Chemistry Class 12
  • Syllabus Chemistry Class 12
  • Marking Scheme Chemistry Class 12
  • Imperfections in Crystals
  • Solutions
    • Strength of Solutions
    • Ideal Solutions
    • Osmosis and Osmotic Pressure
    • Boiling and Freezing Points of Solutions
    • Association and Dissociation
    • Solubility
    • Close
  • Electro-Chemistry
    • Conductivity of Solutions
    • Kohlrausch’s Law
    • Electrolysis
    • Electrochemical Cells
    • Standard Electrode Potential
    • Nernst Equation
    • Batteries
    • Corrosion
    • Close
  • Chemical Kinetics
    • Rate of Chemical Reaction
    • Order and Molecularity of Reaction
    • Integrated Rate Equation
    • Temperature Dependence of Reaction
    • Collision Theory
    • Close
  • The d-Block and f-Block Elements
    • Introduction to d-Block Elements
    • Properties of d-Block Elements
    • Important Compounds of d-Block
    • Lanthanoids and Actinoids
    • Close
  • Coordination Compounds
    • Introduction to Co-ordination Compounds
    • Nomenclature of Co-ordination Compounds
    • Valence Bond Theory
    • Crystal Field Theory
    • Close
  • Haloalkanes and Haloarenes
    • Characteristics of Halo Compounds
    • General Methods of Preparation
    • Chemical Properties
    • Polyhalogen Compounds
    • Close
  • Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers
    • Introduction to Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers
    • Preparation of Alcohols and Phenols
    • Properties of Alcohols
    • Characteristics of Phenols
    • Ethers : Preparation and Properties
    • Close
  • Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids
    • General Study of Carbonyl Compounds
    • Aldehydes and Ketones
    • Carboxylic Acids
    • Close
  • Amines
    • Study of Nitrogen Functional Group
    • Preparation of Amines
    • Properties of Amines
    • Diazonium Salts
    • Close
  • Chemistry Class 12

Notes Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 15 Polymers

Advertisement

Notes For All Chapters Chemistry Class 12

1. A polymer is a large molecule of high molecular mass formed by the repetitive bonding of many small molecules called monomers. The process by which the monomers are transformed into polymers is called polymerisation. As polymers are single big size molecules, they are also called  macromolecules.
2. Classification of polymers on the basis of source:
(a) Natural polymers: Proteins, cellulose, starch, resins and rubber.
(b) Semi-synthetic polymers: Cellulose derivatives as cellulose acetate (rayon) and cellulose nitrate, etc.
(c) Synthetic polymers: Plastic (polythene), synthetic fibres (nylon 6, 6) and synthetic rubbers (Buna-S).
3. Classification based on structure of polymers:
(а) Linear polymers: They consists of long and straight chains, e.g., high density polythene and PVC.
(b) Branched chain polymers: They contain linear chains having some branches, e.g., low density polyethene.
(c) Cross linked or Network polymers: Those are formed from bifunctional and tri-functional monomers and contain strong covalent bonds between various linear polymer chains e.g, bakelite and melamine.
4. Classification based on mode of polymerisation:
(a) Addition polymers: They are formed by the addition reactions between monomers having multiple bonds, e.g., polythene.
(b) Condensation polymers: They are formed by the condensation reactions between two monomers, each monomers having two functional groups, with the elimination of small molecules such as water, alcohol and ammonia, e.g., Nylon 6,6.
5. Classification based on molecular forces:
(a) Elastomers
(b) Fibres
(c) Thermoplastics.
(d) Thermosetting plastics
6. There are two broad types of polymerisation reaction:
(i) Addition or chain growth polymerisation: It is a polymersation in which monomers having one or more double bonds undergo repeated addition in a chain fashion in presence of an initiator to form a polymer. It is governed by free radical mechanism.
(ii) Condensation polymerisation or Step growth polymerisation: It occurs when monomers condense in a stepwise manner with elimination of water or other small molecules.
7. Copolymerisation: It is a process in which a mixture of more than one monomeric species polymerize to form a copolymer. A copolymer contains multiple units of each monomer in the same polymeric chain. For example, styrene and methacrylate form a copolymer.
8. Natural rubber is cis 1,4-polyisoprene. It is a linear 1,4-polymer of isoprene. It is manufactured from rubber latex which is a colloidal suspension of rubber in water.
9. The process of heating a mixture of raw rubber and sulphur at 373 K to 415 K is known as vulcanisation of rubber. The process of vulcanisation is accelerated by additing additives such as ZnO.
10. Biodegradable polymers: PHBV and Nylon 2- Nylon-6 are developed to minimise the environmental hazards of synthetic polymeric wastes.

Leave a Reply Cancel reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

Advertisement

CBSE Delhi Question Answer of Chapters in PDF

Free Sample Papers and Previous Years' Question Papers for CBSE Exams from the Official CBSE Academic Website (CBSE.nic.in) in Delhi, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh and Bihar

Download CBSE / NCERT Book, Notes & MCQ Online Test / Mock Test

Online Quiz with Answers for Objective Questions in Hindi and English

Advertisement

Maharashtra Board Marathi & English Medium

Just Launched! Access Maharashtra Board Exam MCQs, Previous Year Papers, Textbooks, Solutions, Notes, Important Questions, and Summaries—available in both Marathi and English mediums—all in one place Maharashtra Board

Android APP

सरकारी Exam Preparation

Sarkari Exam Preparation Youtube

CBSE – दिल्ली, उत्तर प्रदेश, मध्य प्रदेश, बिहार, राजस्थान & हरियाणा Board हिंदी माध्यम

कक्षा 6 to 8 हिंदी माध्यम
कक्षा 9 & 10 हिंदी माध्यम
कक्षा 11 हिंदी माध्यम

State Board

यूपी बोर्ड 6,7 & 8
बिहार बोर्ड हिंदी माध्यम

CBSE Board

Mathematics Class 6
Science Class 6
Social Science Class 6
हिन्दी Class 6
सामाजिक विज्ञान कक्षा 6
विज्ञान कक्षा 6

Mathematics Class 7
Science Class 7
SST Class 7
सामाजिक विज्ञान कक्षा 7
हिन्दी Class 7

Mathematics Class 8
Science Class 8
Social Science Class 8
हिन्दी Class 8

Mathematics Class 9
Science Class 9
English Class 9

Mathematics Class 10
SST Class 10
English Class 10

Mathematics Class XI
Chemistry Class XI
Accountancy Class 11

Accountancy Class 12
Mathematics Class 12

Learn English
English Through हिन्दी
Job Interview Skills
English Grammar
हिंदी व्याकरण - Vyakaran
Microsoft Word
Microsoft PowerPoint
Adobe PhotoShop
Adobe Illustrator
Learn German
Learn French
IIT JEE
Privacy Policies, Terms and Conditions, About Us, Contact Us
Copyright © 2025 eVidyarthi and its licensors. All Rights Reserved.