CBSE Class 12 MCQs, Notes, PDF Book, Q & A, Important Questions, & PY / Sample Papers

NCERT Book for Class 12 Biology Prelims Chapter 1 – Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants Chapter 2 – Human Reproduction Chapter 3 – Reproductive Health Chapter 4 – Principles of Inheritance and Variation Chapter 5 – Molecular Basis of Inheritance Chapter 6 – Evolution Chapter 7 – Human Health and Disease Chapter 8 – Microbes […]

Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants Notes Chapter 1 Biology Class 12 Human Reproduction Notes Chapter 2 Biology Class 12 Reproductive Health Notes Chapter 3 Biology Class 12 Principles of Inheritance and Variation Notes Chapter 4 Biology Class 12 Molecular Basis of Inheritance Notes Chapter 5 Biology Class 12 Evolution Notes Chapter 6 Biology Class 12 […]

Notes For All Chapters Biology Class 12 Pollution, Solid and Radioactive Wastes: 1. Pollution is an undesirable change’in the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of air, water, land and soil. (i) Pollutants are agents that cause undesirable change in the environment. (ii) The Government of India has passed the Environment Protection Act, 1986 to protect and […]

Notes For All Chapters Biology Class 12 CBSE Biodiversity: 1. Biodiversity can be defined as the occurrence of different types of genes, gene pools, species, habitats and ecosystem in a given region. (i) The term biodiversity was given by a socio biologist Edward Wilson to describe the combined diversity at all the levels of biological organisation. […]

Notes For All Chapters Biology Class 12 CBSE Ecosystem—Structure and Function,- Productivity and Decomposition: 1. An ecosystem is a functional unit of nature, where living organisms interact among themselves and also with the surrounding physical environment. The word ‘Ecosystem’ was coined by Sir AG Tansley (1935). 2. The size of an ecosystem varies greatly from a small […]

Notes For All Chapters Biology Class 12 CBSE Organisms and Its Environment: 1. Ecology is the branch of biology, which studies the interactions among organisms and their physical (abiotic) environment. 2. The subject ecology is basically concerned with four levels of biological organisation. These are given below: (i) Organism Living component of the environment at individual level […]

Biotechnology and Its Applications Notes For All Chapters Biology Class 12 Biotechnological Applications in Agriculture and Medicine: 1. Biotechnology essentially deals with industrial scale production of biopharmaceuticals and biologicals. The applications of biotechnology include therapeutics, diagnostics, genetically modified crops for agriculture, processed food, bioremediation, waste treatment and energy production. 2. Biotechnology have the following three critical research […]

Biotechnology: Principles and Processes Notes For All Chapters Biology Class 12 Principles of Biotechnology and Tools of Recombination DNA Technology: 1. Biotechnology can be defined as the use of microorganisms, plants or animal cells or their components to produce products and processes useful to humans. According to the European Federation of Biotechnology (EFB), biotechnology is the […]

Notes For All Chapters Biology Class 12 CBSE Microbes in Household Products, Industrial Products and in Sewage Treatment: 1. Microbes are the major components of biological systems on the earth. They are present everywhere, i.e. in soil, water, air, inside our bodies and those of other animals and plants. They can also be found deep inside […]

Notes For All Chapters Biology Class 12 Animal Husbandry: 1. Animal husbandry is the agricultural practice of breeding and raising livestock. It deals with the care and breeding of livestock like buffaloes, cows, pigs, horses, cattle, sheep, goat, etc. It also includes poultry farming and fisheries. More than 70% of the world’s livestock population is in […]

Notes For All Chapters Biology Class 12 CBSE Health, Common Diseases in Human and Immunity: 1. Health is defined as a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being. (i) The factors which affect human health are: (a) Genetic disorders (b) Infections (c) Lifestyle. (ii) Balanced diet, personal hygiene and regular exercise are very important to […]

Notes For All Chapters Biology Class 12 CBSE The Origin of Life and Evidences of Evolution: 1. The study of history of life forms on earth is called evolutionary biology. 2. Evolution is a process that results in heritable changes in population spread over many generations leading to diversity of organisms on earth. 3. Origin of life is […]