Let us discuss
Page No. 213
I. Match the words in Column 1 with their meanings in Column 2. Share your answers with your classmates and the teacher.
Answer:
Column 1 | Column 2 |
---|---|
1. vassal (n) | (x) a country state that is controlled by a more powerful country and has to pay money when needed |
2. coronation (n) | (vi) a ceremony at which a person is made king or queen |
3. successor (n) | (xi) a person who succeeds another |
4. rash (adj) | (iv) acting or doing something without thinking about the consequences |
5. sovereign country (n) | (ix) a country with a government having complete authority |
6. league (n) | (v) association or partnership |
7. wrath (n) | (i) extreme anger |
8. seize (v) | (viii) capture |
9. resolve (n) | (xiv) determination |
10. raged (v) | (iii) happen in a violent way |
11. decisive (adj) | (xiii) showing the ability to make decisions effectively |
12. apprehended (v) | (ii) take hold of suddenly or forcibly |
13. dauntless (adj) | (vii) fearless |
14. avenge (v) | (xii) take revenge for |
II. Complete the table given below based on your understanding of the story. An example has been done for you. Share your answers with your classmates and the teacher.
Answer:
Answer:
Cause | Effect |
---|---|
1. Ullal had been captured by the Portuguese. | (i) Ullal had to pay a tribute to the colonial power. |
2. Rani Abbakka wanted to marry Veera Narsimha. | (ii) Rani Abbakka’s husband Veera Narsimha felt it was a hasty decision. |
3. Veera Narsimha ordered soldiers to stop Rani Abbakka when she said she would not be frightened by the Portuguese. | (iii) Soldiers hesitated to act against Rani Abbakka. |
4. Rani Abbakka addressed a meeting of rajas for their support, who felt they would not match the Portuguese army and their power. | (iv) The rajas were reluctant to support Rani Abbakka. |
5. The Portuguese refused to accept Ullal’s sovereignty. | (v) Rani Abbakka in turn attacked the Portuguese fort. |
Let us think and reflect
Page No. 214
I. Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follow.
Portuguese envoy: Our Governor has sent me to remind you that the annual tribute from Ullal is long overdue and…
Rani Abbakka: We are a sovereign country. We don’t pay tribute to Portugal. And we don’t take orders from the Portuguese!
Portuguese envoy: Your Majesty, you will regret your stand.
Abbakka ordered merchant ships to be built and in alliance with the Zamorin of Kozhikode, she defied the Portuguese and established a hugely profitable trading relation with Arabia.
1. What does the word ‘tribute’ mean in this context?
Answer: In this context, the word ‘tribute’ means a payment or tax imposed by a foreign power (Portugal) on a subordinate state (Ullal) as a sign of submission or control.
2. Complete the sentence with a suitable reason.
Rani Abbakka says, “We are a sovereign country” because __________.
Answer: Ullal is an independent nation with its own authority and does not accept foreign control or domination by the Portuguese.
3. Identify whether the following statement is true or false.
The Portuguese envoy threatened Rani Abbakka.
Answer: True
4. Choose a word given in brackets to replace the underlined word. “… she defied the Portuguese and established a hugely profitable trading relation with Arabia.” (defeated/disobeyed)
Answer: The word that replaces “defied” is disobeyed. Rani Abbakka disobeyed the Portuguese by refusing to pay tribute and forming trade alliances against their wishes. “Defeated” is incorrect as she did not defeat them at this point in the extract but resisted their authority.
5. Choose the option that lists the qualities of Rani Abbakka, based on this extract.
(i) bold (ii) thoughtful (iii) capable
(iv) generous (v) determined
A. (i), (ii), and (v) B. (ii), (iii), and (iv) C. (i), (iii), and (v)
D. (ii), (iv), and (v)
Answer: C. (i), (iii), and (v)
II. Answer the following questions.
1. Rani Abbakka spoke to her mother on her deathbed. How might these words have made her mother feel?
Answer: Rani Abbakka’s words to her mother on her deathbed likely made her mother feel proud and reassured. As a warrior queen defending her land, Rani Abbakka might have promised to protect Ullal and uphold its sovereignty, giving her mother a sense of fulfillment and confidence in her daughter’s strength and commitment to their people.
2. What does the support of the people of Ullal and the soldiers for Rani Abbakka suggest about their mindset?
Answer: The support of the people of Ullal and the soldiers for Rani Abbakka suggests that they had a patriotic and courageous mindset. They trusted her leadership, believed in her vision of sovereignty, and were willing to stand by her in the fight against the Portuguese, reflecting their loyalty and determination to protect their homeland.
3. How might the people of Ullal have felt when the mighty Portuguese were defeated?
Answer: The people of Ullal likely felt jubilant, proud, and empowered when the mighty Portuguese were defeated. This victory would have boosted their confidence in Rani Abbakka’s leadership, instilled a sense of unity, and given them hope for a future free from foreign oppression.
4. Why do you think Rani Abbakka’s victory against the Portuguese would have inspired other rulers to go against a foreign power?
Answer: Rani Abbakka’s victory against the Portuguese would have inspired other rulers because it demonstrated that a smaller, determined force could successfully resist a powerful colonial power. Her courage, strategic alliances (like with the Zamorin), and defiance of foreign control would have shown that independence was achievable, motivating other rulers to challenge foreign domination and fight for their own sovereignty.
Let us learn
Page No. 215
I. Study the following words from the text.
seize, sovereign, their, soldiers
The spelling of the given words have ‘ei’ and ‘ie’ in them.
Spelling tip: ‘i’ before ‘e’ except after ‘c’
For example: receive, deceive
Now, fill in the blanks with ‘ie’ or ‘ei’ for the following words.
1. c___ling 2. bel___ve 3. th___f 4. ach___ve 5. perc___ve
6. prot___n 7. soc___ty 8. sh___ld 9. w___ght 10. fr___nd
Answers:
- ceiling
- believe
- thie
- achieve
- perceive
- protein
- society
- shield
- weight
- friend
II. Study the highlighted word in the following sentence from the text.
…; and Bangadi too may have to face their wrath.
Was the initial letter ‘w’ pronounced?
There are many words in the English language where certain letters are not pronounced but are spelt. They are called ‘silent letters’.
For example :
campaign, knowledge, pneumonia, honour, calm
Now, find more words with silent letters.
Answer: The initial ‘w’ in wrath is not pronounced; it is a silent letter. The word is pronounced as /ræθ/.
More words with silent letters:
- Write (silent ‘w’, pronounced /raɪt/)
- Knee (silent ‘k’, pronounced /niː/)
- Doubt (silent ‘b’, pronounced /daʊt/)
- Island (silent ‘s’, pronounced /ˈaɪlənd/)
- Hour (silent ‘h’, pronounced /aʊər/)
- Lamb (silent ‘b’, pronounced /læm/)
- Whistle (silent ‘w’, pronounced /ˈwɪsəl/)
- Psychology (silent ‘p’, pronounced /saɪˈkɒlədʒi/)
IV. Read the following dialogues from the text.
• Rani Abbakka said, “I will make them pay for this.”
• The merchants said to the Arabians, “Visit us again, brother.”
The given sentences are the direct words of the speaker; hence, they are in direct speech.
The reported forms or indirect forms of speech for the given sentences are:
• Rani said that she would make them pay for that.
• The merchants told the Arabian brothers to visit them again.
While reporting direct speech to indirect speech, we make certain modifications related to time, place, and person.
• Time (Tense): Verbs are typically shifted back from a present tense to a past form in reported speech to reflect the change in time.
• Place (Adverbs of Place): Words indicating place are adjusted to fit the new context.
• Person: Pronouns and subjects are modified to align with the perspective of the reporter.
Changes made with reference to time (tense)
Changes made in pronouns
Changes in time and place expressions
Rewrite the following sentences in direct speech to indirect speech. Remember to make the necessary changes.
1. The teacher said, “Women of valour have made significant contributions throughout history.” The teacher remarked that _______.
Answer: women of valour had made significant contributions throughout history.
2. “I enjoy reading historical novels,” said Smitha. Smitha shared that _________.
Answer: she enjoyed reading historical novels.
3. The captain said to the coach, “Our team won the championship last year.” The captain told the coach that ________.
Answer: their team had won the championship the previous year.
4. The class teacher said, “Please turn off the lights when you leave.” The class teacher requested ________.
Answer: that the lights be turned off when they left.
5. “Finish the work before dinner,” said mother to Ravi. Mother advised ________.
Answer: Ravi to finish the work before dinner.
6. The vet said to the pet owner, “Take the dog for a walk.” The vet instructed ______.
Answer: the pet owner to take the dog for a walk.
V. Read the conversation between the Captain and the team.
Captain: We need to focus on our strategy for the final match.
Player : I have some ideas on how we can improve our strategy.
Captain: Make sure to share those ideas with the team during practice.
Complete the following paragraph by transforming the dialogue in the indirect form of speech.
The Captain remarked that 1. ___________.
To which one of the players replied that 2. ________.
The Captain advised the player to 3. __________.
Answer:
- they needed to focus on their strategy for the final match.
- he/she had some ideas on how they could improve their strategy.
- make sure to share those ideas with the team during practice.
Let us listen
Page No. 220
You will listen to the teacher speak about a braveheart. As you listen, complete the bio-table given below. (Transcript for the teacher on pg. 224)
Field | Details |
---|---|
Name | Rani Gaidinliu |
Date of Birth | 26 January 1915 |
Place of Birth | Tamenglong district, Manipur |
Tribe | Rongmei (also known as Kabui) |
Key Contribution | Led an armed uprising against the British in Manipur, Nagaland, and Assam; joined the Heraka movement at 13 to revive Naga tribal religion and establish self-rule |
Age at Joining Movement | 13 years (in 1927) |
Imprisonment | Arrested in 1932 at age 16, sentenced to life imprisonment, kept in Northeast prisons from 1932 to 1947 |
Post-Release Work | Continued working for the betterment of her community |
Title Given | ‘Daughter of the Hills’ and ‘Rani’ by the Prime Minister |
Awards | Padma Bhushan in 1982; Birsa Munda Award (posthumously) |
Date of Death | 17 February 1993 (at age 78) |
Place of Death | Returned to her birthplace (Tamenglong district, Manipur) |
Honors by Government | Park and statue in Silchar, Assam; postal stamp in 1996; commemorative coin in 2015 |
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