Important Question Chapter 3 History Class 9 CBSE Board

Nazism and the Rise of Hitler

Short Questions Answer

Question: When did Germany surrender to the Allies in the Second World War?
Answer: Germany surrendered to the Allies in May 1945.

Question: Who became the Chancellor of Germany on 30 January 1933?
Answer: Adolf Hitler became the Chancellor of Germany.

Question: What was the ‘Fire Decree’?
Answer: It was a law that suspended civic rights like freedom of speech, press, and assembly in 1933.

Question: What does the term “Holocaust” refer to?
Answer: It refers to the mass killing of Jews and other groups by the Nazis during the Second World War.

Question: What was the main aim of Hitler’s foreign policy?
Answer: To expand German territories and gain living space (Lebensraum) for Germans.

Question: What was the name of the Nazi secret police?
Answer: The Nazi secret police was called the Gestapo.

Question: What was the “Enabling Act” of 1933?
Answer: It gave Hitler the power to rule without consulting Parliament, establishing dictatorship.

Question: What was the symbol of the Nazi Party?
Answer: The Swastika was the symbol of the Nazi Party.

Question: Who headed the economic recovery program under Hitler?
Answer: Hjalmar Schacht headed the program for economic recovery.

Question: What did the Nuremberg Laws of 1935 declare?
Answer: They declared that only persons of German or related blood could be German citizens.

Long Questions Answer 

Question: Describe the main provisions of the Treaty of Versailles and its impact on Germany.
Answer:The Treaty of Versailles was signed after Germany’s defeat in the First World War. It forced Germany to accept war guilt, lose territories, colonies, and pay heavy reparations of £6 billion. The Allied powers occupied the Rhineland, and Germany was demilitarised. This treaty caused great humiliation and resentment among Germans, weakening the Weimar Republic and paving the way for Hitler’s rise.

Question: Explain the conditions that led to the rise of Hitler in Germany.
Answer:The Great Depression, unemployment, inflation, and political instability in the Weimar Republic created dissatisfaction. People lost faith in democracy and wanted a strong leader. Hitler promised national revival, employment, and the restoration of Germany’s pride. His powerful speeches and Nazi propaganda attracted the masses, leading to his rise to power.

Question: What was the Nazi ideology?
Answer:Nazi ideology was based on racial hierarchy. Hitler believed that the Aryan race was superior and destined to rule the world, while Jews and other races were inferior. The Nazis believed in nationalism, militarism, anti-communism, and territorial expansion for “living space.” They also rejected democracy and equality, promoting dictatorship and total obedience to Hitler.

Question: How did Hitler establish a totalitarian state in Germany?
Answer:After becoming Chancellor, Hitler used the Fire Decree and the Enabling Act to abolish civil rights and ban all political parties except the Nazi Party. He created secret police forces like the Gestapo and SS to control people through fear. Media, education, and judiciary were brought under state control, and propaganda was used to glorify Hitler and suppress opposition.

Question: Describe the Nazi policy towards Jews and other ‘undesirables’.
Answer:The Nazis considered Jews, Gypsies, blacks, and the disabled as ‘undesirable’. They were excluded from citizenship under the Nuremberg Laws, removed from jobs, and forced into ghettos. Later, during the war, they were sent to concentration camps and killed in gas chambers. This systematic extermination is known as the Holocaust.

Question: What were the effects of the Great Economic Depression on Germany?
Answer:The Depression caused industrial collapse, unemployment, and poverty. Factories shut down, workers lost jobs, and middle-class savings vanished. The Weimar government failed to handle the crisis, which led people to lose faith in democracy. This economic hardship created a fertile ground for the rise of Hitler and Nazism.

Question: How did the Nazis use propaganda to influence the people?
Answer:The Nazis used posters, radio, films, and speeches to glorify Hitler and spread anti-Jewish ideas. They portrayed Hitler as a saviour and Jews as evil and greedy. Propaganda taught hatred of democracy and communism, creating fear and unity among Germans. Media was controlled to ensure that only Nazi messages were heard.

Question: What role did youth play in Nazi Germany?
Answer:Children were indoctrinated in Nazi ideology through schools and youth organisations. Boys were trained for military service, while girls were taught to be good mothers and maintain racial purity. The Hitler Youth and Jungvolk trained children in obedience, aggression, and loyalty to Hitler. Education promoted hatred of Jews and glorified war.

Question: Discuss the status and role of women in Nazi Germany.
Answer:Women were expected to be homemakers and mothers. The Nazi state rewarded women who bore many Aryan children with medals and privileges. They were discouraged from working or seeking higher education. Women who had relations with Jews or foreigners were punished. Thus, women’s roles were restricted to maintaining racial purity and family.

Question: Explain how the Nazis tried to shape the minds of ordinary Germans.
Answer:The Nazis used education, media, propaganda, and fear to control public opinion. Schools taught racial science, and children were trained to obey Hitler. Newspapers and radio spread Nazi ideology. Secret police punished dissenters, and the public learned to conform out of fear. Over time, many Germans accepted or ignored the regime’s brutalities.