CBSE Class 11 Sample Papers, Syllabus, Test Papers & NCERT Solutions

• Heat is the form of energy transferred between two (or more) systems or a system and its surroundings by virtue of temperature difference. The SI unit of heat energy transferred is expressed in joule (J). In CGS system, unit of heat is calorie and kilocalorie (kcal). 1 cal = 4.186 J and 1 kcal […]

• Fluids are the sustances which can flow e.g., liquids and gases. It does not possess definite shape. • When an object is submerged in a liquid at rest, the fluid exerts a force on its surface normally. It is called thrust of the liquid. • Pressure The thrust experienced per unit area of the surface […]

• Inter molecular Force In a solid, atoms and molecules are arranged in such a way that each molecule is acted upon by the forces due to the neighbouring molecules. These forces are known as inter molecular forces. • Elasticity The property of the body to regain its original configuration (length, volume or shape) when […]

• Kepler’s Laws of Planetary Motion Johannes Kepler formulated three laws which describe planetary motion. They are as follows: (i) Law of orbits. Each planet revolves around the sun in an elliptical orbit with the sun at one of the foci of the ellipse. (ii) Law of areas. The speed of planet varies in such […]

• A rigid body is a body with a perfectly definite and unchanging shape. The distances between all pairs of particles of such a body do not change. • Centre of Mass For a system of particles, the centre of mass is defined as that point where the entire mass of the system is imagined […]

• Work is said to be done when a force applied on the body displaces the body through a certain distance in the direction of applied force. It is measured by the product of the force and the distance moved in the direction of the force, i.e., W = F-S • If an object undergoes […]

• Dynamics is the branch of physics in which we study the motion of a body by taking into consideration the cause i.e., force which produces the motion. • Force Force is an external cause in the form of push or pull, which produces or tries to produce motion in a body at rest, or stops/tries […]

• Motion in a plane is called as motion in two dimensions e.g., projectile motion, circular motion etc. For the analysis of such motion our reference will be made of an origin and two co-ordinate axes X and Y. • Scalar and Vector Quantities Scalar Quantities. The physical quantities which are completely specified by their magnitude […]

• Introduction Motion is one of the significant topics in physics. Everything in the universe moves. It might only be a small amount of movement and very-very slow, but movement does happen. Even if you appear to be standing still, the Earth is moving around the sun, and the sun is moving around our galaxy. […]

Measurement The process of measurement is basically a comparison process. To measure a physical quantity, we have to find out how many times a standard amount of that physical quantity is present in the quantity being measured. The number thus obtained is known as the magnitude and the standard chosen is called the unit of […]

Science Science is a systematic and organised attempt to acquire knowledge about the surroundings through observations, experiments and verifications. Scientific Method Several inter-related steps are involved in scientific method. Some of the most significant steps are as follows: The systematic observations Reasoning Mathematical modelling Theoretical prediction Physics Physics is a fundamental science concerned with understanding […]